Law Enforcement Essay Example for Free

Law Enforcement EssayThe two cogencys of community policing that I thought was of the essence(predicate) are being able to build are try to build a better rapport with the community and citizen better than what you already aim. The second strength is to try to build a rapport with the kids in the community and keep them out of trouble, getting into gangs, and using are selling drugs. So I figure when community policing are being done throughout the community that gives the police officer to become community educators, planners and organizers, which in the end it completelyows the police officers to appreciate their citizens as well as to learn how to work together with them, not to mention It will allow the citizens to trust them more than they do. The two limitations of community policing that I have chosen are lack of educational opportunities and lack of parental involvement. The reason why is because some of our parents have came to a point where they really dont care w hat they boor do, were they go, are who they hang with. Parents these days dont follow up on their child/children were about as long as that child is out of the house thats all that matter but thanks to the school system they have a system that calls home whenever the child/children are absent. The Police cant do this along the need parents help to also keep the crimes of our children down and to lead them into the right direction so parents lets get involve with our kids and not just our kids all kids they need some kind of guidance.Explain how political, economic, and demographic characteristics of a community preserve community policing. Well in my community we have PAL, neighborhood watch, and citizen on patrols. PALs are a group of police officer that are mostly bigmouthed and athletic that gather up our youth and engage them into different activities that they like to keep them off the streets during the day and they are very active with our kids they even yield them place s on the weekend. They have different sport activities that they play so they can continue active threw the week most of their games are on Saturdays, they even impart the kids to different places like the movies, skating, bowling, etc. I really think its a awesome program for the youths. The only thing to this program is the child that are considered a problem child has to want to change and for the ones thats not their dedicated to the program because they dont want to change they want to stay that respectful child they always been.Our Neighborhood watch programs usually are the police that are just getting on the force besides the neighbors. The push there bikes threw the neighborhood to make sure no one is out of the ordinary they be in cars also they usually stop and talk to kids that they watch and give the younger one stickers. Citizens on patrol are older people that live in the neighborhood and volunteer to work with the police incision to ride through neighborhoods in a patrol car to make sure nothing unusual is in the neighborhood. I really think all of the programs are great for community policing and the more help from the parents and community they have the less crimes we would have and the citizen will respect the police more.

Each Man Kills the Thing He Loves Essay Example for Free

Each Man Kills the Thing He Loves EssayIt seems to me that we all told look at Nature too much, and live with her too little This restate provides a philosophical insight into the main theme I will explore at bottom my chosen poems. Nature is defined as the phenomena of the physical being collectively, including plants, animals, the landscape, and other features and products of the earth, as opposed to humans or human creations. and this simply states that nature and humans are opposites, and star opposes the other. The poems I have chosen question this definition of nature and put it to humankind to answer the question, are we one with nature, or merely manipulating it to our own advantage, giving little back to our heritage? Oscar Wildes The Ballad of Reading Gaol explores our own human race and how easily two conflicting emotions become each other whilst Charlotte Mews The Trees atomic number 18 Down examines human ignorance and through use of language she unravels t he ever changing connections with nature.However it is Lawrences The Snake that uses noniceable imagery to portray humankind in all its shapes and forms, forever changing. These three poems utilize a series of techniques that bring forth a common phrase we are what we hate, kill and deal, which lastly contri besideses to a universal relevance, the main idea I will be focusing on, each man kills the thing he loves. Oscar Wilde is considered a gifted author, playwright and poet of the ordinal century.He was intimately involved in the up rise of aestheticism, a philosophy of nature and expression of beauty Wilde expanded the narrow-mindedness of the Victorian Era, ultimately bringing a new light to society. The Picture of Dorian Gray, a semi autobiography, is considered the most seminal and serious of all Wildes works. However it is after being accused of homosexual offences, by his lovers father, and further incarcerated at Reading Gaol that Wildes writing took a to a greater exte nt melancholic approach.After serving his two days of hard labour, Wilde then moved to France, and was in penniless(prenominal) exile It was in his last remaining years that Wilde produced two extremely heart felt pieces of work De Profundis, a Latin term for from the depths, was an epistle addressed to his lover, Lord Alfred Douglas, and recounted his lifestyle of extravagance and love, inside the first half. In the second part the text looks into his recent experiences, during his time at Reading Gaol, as he comes to terms with his spirituality.The other, The Ballad of Reading Gaol, a cardinaler cantos poem, further subdivided into six lined stanzas, describes his experiences of loneliness and death, whilst incarcerated at Reading Gaol. The initial scene of the ballad, He walked amongst the Trial Men, In a suit of shabby greyness, was inspired by the hanging of Charles Thomas Wooldridge, on Saturday 7th July 1896, a thirty year-old man convicted of cutting the throat of his wi fe. Charlotte Mew was an understated poet, whose works were less recognised, in comparison to Wilde, notwithstanding she was highly praised by the likes of Siegfried Sassoon and Virginia Woolf.Mew lived a traumatic life, from beginning to end facing close family deaths and two of her siblings being diagnosed with kind illness. These early experiences affected her future and had major influences on her beginning with her and her sister Anne making a pact never to marry, in fear of passing on her familys madness. Additionally Mew had similar sexual orientations as Wilde, attracted to ones own sex, however due to the condemnation of homosexuality, in the nineteenth century, Mew was left with a strong sense of suppression.Her life was extremely stifled by such experiences of death, loneliness and disillusionment and hence reflects these themes at heart her work. The Trees are Down is a six stanza poem, that follows no structured form, merely ranging from one to nine lines, each stanz a. The poem is based around the Revelation reference, at the beginning of poem -and he cries with a loud voice hurt not the earth, neither the sea, nor the trees and relates this to our society, past, present and future.David Herbert Lawrence, D. H.Lawrence, was an extremely successful writer and artist. Publishing many plays, novels and volumes of poetry. He lived a very mild life, born in the small mining township of Eastwood, England, in 1885. Lawrence was an outcast, with few friends at school, who didnt follow in his fathers footsteps of becoming a miner. So Lawrence went on to study, gaining a scholarship at Nottingham High School and then becoming an elementary teacher. However it was after falling in love with his old professor, Earnest Weekelys, wife, Frieda von Richthofen, that his life was altered.Breaking off his engagement and ending his teaching career, Lawrence developed his writing into a career. Sons and Lovers is a semi-autobiographical account of Lawrences experi ences as a boy, under the name of Paul Morel, who loved his suffer and full of offense for his father. Lawrence wrote this novel after the death of his mother, in 1910, and explores the love of a mother As her sons grow up she selects them as loversfirst the eldest, then the second. These sons are urged into life by their reciprocal love of their motherurged on and on. All three poets lived extremely contrastive lifestyles, however the common thread between them is the literary period they lived in, the nineteenth century. Wildes work, pre-incarceration, was considered extremely lush and light, however post-incarceration it grew sad and he adapted crepuscular Romanticism into his works. Mew explored Naturalism whither the environment controls people, especially in The Trees are Down, which is similar to the works of Lawrence who combines naturalism with Pre-Raphaelitism, combining literacy with the visual arts, which is seen through his strong imagery.Comparing these three liter ary movements helps shape each poem, providing a purpose behind the theme of each text. The intent of these poems differ slightly from one another, however all three have embedded the allegory of killing our intimates at heart their texts. Wilde takes his own personal experiences of loss, and additionally the example of Wooldridges own act, to get around how within love echoes hate and vice versa. Mew, whos poem seems completely ahead of her time, exposes the ignorance of the human race.This exposure of humans prejudice towards nature is again echoed within Lawrences poem through the line my education said he must be killed. The common purpose within these texts is the exposure of humans ignorance and how inevitable it is. Lord Alfred Douglass father took Wilde to court for alleged homosexuality and this life altering moment in Wildes life is easily identify within the poem The Ballad of Reading Gaol. However Wilde carefully entwines Wooldridges own attempt of killing the thing he loved within his own story to expose the wider occurrence of this tragedy.It is questioned whether or not Wilde came up with this statement or whether it is a nod to Shakespeares Merchant of Venice when Bassanio asks Do all men kill the things they do not love? Wilde is well known for his stimulating epigrams, yet this phrase seems to generate a metaphor for life and although not a question, like in Merchant of Venice, Wilde questions the similarities of love and hatred. When searching the word love up on Thesaurus. com it provides a list of antonyms, including hatred, and vice-versa and yet here we see Wilde placing the two, opposing verbs, hand in hand.Wildes underlying purpose within The Ballad of Reading Gaol is not to recount his experiences at Reading, but what Wilde is really looking for is the mode of interaction in which love and hatred are one and indivisible, in which the bitterness is an expression of the admiration. Written in the nineteenth century Mews poem, The Tre es are Down, was completely ahead of its time and in todays society is seen as an empowering demonstration of humanitys destructive ignorance.Using the line from the revelation Mew makes deep connections with the past and by examining her present looks into the future of what is to come, what is now extremely relevant. The purpose of this is to reveal societys destructive nature and speak out against the destruction of our heritage as half my life it has beat with. Lawrence examines prejudices of the human race towards animals, within the poem, The Snake, and how we accept the words fed to us in an alleged education.However the irony of it all is that we are one with the Snake and this is what Lawrence was arduous to achieve. Describing the snake drinking from trough as if he is a person, the same as the narrator, then he looks up just like cattle do. Lawrences connections across the animal kingdom man, snake and cattle alike, break down the barriers of humans vs. animals, generati ng a scene of equality. However it is once the narrators voice of education convinces him otherwise, his face becomes humanity fearful and paranoid.Each text focuses on humanity and from here branches off the love-hate, ignorance and prejudices of the human race. Wilde highlights the correlations between love and hatred we express towards one another, Mew exemplifies humanity losing touch with their heritage, whilst Lawrences reveals the irony within humankinds prejudices. In all three cases the writer is attempting to stage how two effects, wildly different, grow closer together, reciprocating off one another, or how two objects, scientifically/emotionally tied together can push one another away.

Strategies for Supplier Relationship Management

Strategies for Supplier Relationship counselingSupplier Relationship Management (including analysis) is the counselling an ongoing transaction relationship to guarantee competitive advantage for an organisation. The focus is on over all(a) in all relationships betwixt the supplier and the buying organisation rather than a focus on a specific contract. Its aim is to support purchasing and tune counseling to develop an orderly deduceing of the nature of current relationships that know indoors and between the organisation and the suppliers (OGC, 2009).Supplier relationship commission is a comprehensive fire to managing an endeavours interactions with the organizations that picture the goods and returnss it uses. The goal of supplier relationship management (SRM) is to streamline and make more effective the processes between an enterprise and its suppliers just as customer relationship management (CRM) is intended to streamline and make more effective the processes betwee n an enterprise and its customers (SAP 2008).Buying organisations go through a essential to manage not only if their contracts scarce also their suppliers. A number of suppliers impart have multiple contractual relationships with individual departments and it is therefore grand for them to be proactively managed. The process will be supported by information generated from the motion management arrangements that will be in place for each of the contracts, still this process is much more about the overall relationship rather than on natural process on a specific contract (SAP.com 2008).OBJECTIVESThe objectives for SRM includeReduction in costsService ameliorationSolution developmentFlexibility and mutual realize(Adapted from Procurement Leadership 2006)There will also be the opportunity for emendment in the overall relationship with the supplier progressing in the direction of increase partnering sheath arrangements. This will potentially includeEstablished communication channels at all levels, up to and including CEO, between the organisationsJoint planning and forecasting at a strategical levelIncreased trustEnhanced collaborative approaches and perspectiveImproved value for some(prenominal) parties(Adapted from OGC 2009)Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) is aimed at streamlining the supply stove by improving the communication between an enterprise and its suppliers. (PROCUREMENT -LEADERS, 2006).It streamlines the processes between an enterprise and its suppliers in the same way Customer Relationship Management (CRM) makes the processes between an enterprise and its customers more effective.In actual fact SRM utilizations enable a common frame of reference to improve communication between enterprise and supplier who whitethorn be used to different practices and terminology. Eventually SRM softw be can lower crosswayion costs and result in a broad(prenominal) quality, lower priced end product (SAP 2008).Modern SRM solutions support the whole procurement process in the company, including procurement strategy, qualification of suitable suppliers, tenders and contract design, and monitoring supplier performance.2.2 THE IMPORTANCE OF IMPLEMENTING SRM STRATEGY/PLANSRM is becoming progressively more important for enterprises because, in the competitive global environment, purchasing-related savings are equally important as sales.In the past ten years, significant results have been generated through rationalising supply bases, introducing competition and moving to low cost countries. But recently results from these activities are diminishing, which is where SRM comes in (PROCUREMENT LEADERS 2006).When SRM is effective, companies improve on profitability, growth, market share and reputation.SRM is especially important when there is a limited supply base for a product and in this case, the peanut company has oneness supply and it is a major priority of the peanut company to maintain a good relationship with the supply. T his is to say that the joint society has a full monopoly on the supply of nuts to Peanutty. A good relationship is necessary to avoid sudden increase in price, supply of quality products, and also the supply can decide not to supply to Peanutty. They therefore have a need to manage not only their contracts but also their suppliers.There will also be the opportunity for improvement in the overall relationship with the supplier progressing in the direction of increased partnering type arrangements.This will potentially includeEstablished communication channels at all levels, up to and including CEO, between the organisationsJoint planning and forecasting at a strategic level. Peanutty should encourage their suppliers to focus more on the strategic path to cooperative success and enhanced collaborative approaches and perspectiveIncreased trust between the supplier and Peanutty, by finding compromise solutions to problems enhance both Peanutty Company and the cooperative supplier pas s towards achieving the long-term returnssImproved value for both parties, the contract of the product enhances the ability of both Peanutty and the cooperative supplier to have a clear vision towards its benefits.3.0 QUESTION 2 What activities could be developed by Peanutty to expurgate or manage the power of its customers to minimize risks and maximize profitability?Peanutty is a shaper of ingredients for the nutrition industry and also a serve provider of food items for large companies in the sector.Peanutty should use the strategies of customer relationship management (CRM).3.1 CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENTCustomer Relationship Management, or CRM, is an important part of young descent management. Customer Relationship Management concerns the relationship between the organization and its customers. Customers are the lifeblood of any organization be it a global corporation with thousands of employees and a multi-billion turnover, or a sole trader with a handful of regul ar customers. Customer Relationship Management is the same in principle for these two examples it is the stretch of CRM which can vary drastically.Customer Relationship Management focuses on the relationshipSuccessful organizations use three steps to build customer relationshipsdetermine in return satisfying goals between organization and customersestablish and maintain customer rapportproduce positive feelings in the organization and the customersIn the business world, the organization and the customers both have sets of conditions to consider when building the relationship, such as hopes and ask of both parties these conditions includeorganizations need to make a profit to survive and growcustomers fatality good emolument, a quality product and an acceptable priceCRM can have a major impact on an organization through change over the focus from product to customer, streamlining the offer to what the customer requires, not want the organization can make and also highlighting competencies required for an effective CRM processThe last-ditch purpose of CRM, like any organisational initiative, is to increase profit. In the case of CRM this is achieved mainly by providing a better service to your customers than your competitors. CRM not only improves the service to customers though a good CRM capability will also reduce costs, wastage, and complaints (although you may see some increase initially, simply because you hear about things that without CRM would have stayed hidden). Effective CRM also reduces staff stress, because attrition a major cause of stress reduces as services and relationships improve. CRM enables instant market research as good opening the lines of communications with your customers gives you direct constant market reaction to your products, services and performance, far better than any market survey. Good CRM also helps you grow your business customers stay with you longer customer churn rates reduce referrals to new customers increa se from increasing numbers of satisfied customers demand reduces on fire-fighting and trouble-shooting staff, and overall the organizations service flows and teams work more efficiently and more happily.3.2 Features of good CRMThe old base in industry was Heres what we can make who wants to buy our product?The new viewpoint in industry isWhat exactly do our customers want and need? andWhat do we need to do to be able to produce and deliver it to our customers?This is a significant change of paradigm and a quantum leap in terms of how we look at our business activity.What do customers want?Most obviously, and this is the extent of many suppliers perceptions, customers want cost-effective products or services that deliver required benefits to them. (Benefits are what the products or services do for the customers.) Note that any single product or service can deliver different benefits to different customers. Its important to look at things from the customers perspective even at this level.More significantly however, customers want to have their needs satisfied. Customers needs are distinctly different to and far broader than a product or service, and the features and benefits encompassed. Customers needs generally extend to issues far beyond the suppliers proposition, and will frequently include the buying-selling process (prior to providing anything), the way that communications are handled, and the nature of the customer-supplier relationship.Modern CRM theory refers to the idea of integrating the customer. This new way of looking at the business involves integrating the customer (more precisely the customers relevant people and processes) into all aspects of the suppliers business, and vice versa. This implies a relationship that is deeper and wider than the traditional arms-length supplier-customer relationship.The traditional approach to customer relationships was based on a ingenuous transaction or trade, and little more. Perhaps there would be only a s ingle point of contact between one person on each side. All communication and dealings would be between these two people, even if the customers organization contained many staff, departments, and functional requirements (distribution, sales, quality, finance, etc).The modern approach to customer relationship management is based on satisfying all of the needs people, systems, processes, etc across the customers organization, such as might be affected and benefited by the particular supply.(business balls 2002).Designing and implementing a successful CRM programmeStep 1 Creating the CRM planActivities Understanding the objectives, fit with Peanuttys strategy, development of software, costing and trainingStep 2 Involve CRM users from OutsetPeanutty should establish a project/management team from all affected organizational area.Step 3 Select the right finishing and providerUse of internal IT tools to analyse and compare available products and suppliersStep 4 Integrate Existing CRM applicationCentralised database containing customer information for all CRM associated user to actively involved in each customer.Step 5 Establish doing measuresUse of performance measurement to evaluate if strategies have been met or notStep 6 Providing CRM training for all usersDuring implementation, Peanutty should provide training to all employees actively associated with CRM about it benefits and objectives.(MARKETING TEACHER 2000)4.0 QUESTION 3 evaluate the benefit of performance measurement systems to this company?4.1 PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENTPerformance refers to output results and their outcomes obtained from processes, products, and services that permit evaluation and comparison relative to goals, standards, past results, and other organisations. Performance can be expressed in non-financial and financial terms.Measurement refers to numerical information that quantifies input, output, and performance dimensions of processes, products, services, and the overall organisation (outcomes). Performance measures might be simple (derived from one measurement) or composite (BPIR 2007).Performance measurement system is an assessment system of measurement that represents a formal efficient approach to observe performancePerformance measurement is the process whereby an organization establishes the parameters inside which programs, investments, and acquisitions are reaching the desired results. This will be needed most especially in the roast and peanut preparation line, so that the target of 12 hour per day will be attained.4.1.1 PM focuses on results, rather than behaviours and activitiesA common misconception among supervisory programs is that behaviours and activities are the same as results. As a result, an employee may appear extremely busy, but not be contributing anything toward the goals of the organization. An example is the employee who manually counts the number of peas processed. The supervisor may conclude the employee is very committed to the orga nization and works very hard, thus, deserving a very high performance rating, where by his output is poor.4.1.2 Aligns organizational activities and processes to the goals of the organizationPM identifies organizational goals, results needed to achieve those goals, measures of effectiveness or efficiency (outcomes) toward the goals, and means (drivers) to achieve the goals. This chain of measurements is examined to ensure alignment with overall results of the organization. This is payable to the fact that the employees complain about not knowing the direction and goals of peanut company.4.1.3 Produces meaningful measurementsThese measurements have a wide variety of recyclable applications. They are useful in benchmarking, or setting standards for comparison with best practices in other organizations. They provide consistent basis for comparison during internal change efforts. They indicate results during improvement efforts, such as employee training, management development, quali ty programs, etc. They help ensure equitable and fair treatment to employees based on performance.mr Carmelo doesnt treat the employees like they are part of the organisation, probably because he is not aware of the effort these workers put into the company. therefore wit performance, he will be able to quantify the level of dedication and then will he will recognise their capability and potential, and thus give them Moore responsibility.Performance measurement will clarify expectations of roles and responsibilities of all the work stations in the peanut factory. It will also make it possible for the director, supervisor and the employees to discuss work related issues and develop solutionsThe will also be able to formally review performance and achievement of agreed goals and objectivesProvide two-way face to face feedback and also link individual performance to broader strategic plans and depict objectives.(Adapted from Supplychainer 2005)Overall, this will help Peanutty to set t heir long term strategy goals, work on their objectives, meet their target and measure the performance.5.0 QUESTION 4.The supply chain process i would suggest is the lean manufacturing process.5.1 draw Manufacturing is an operational strategy oriented toward achieving the shortest possible cycle time by eliminating waste. It is derived from the Toyota Production System and its key thrust is to increase the value-added work by eliminating waste and reducing incidental work. The technique often decreases the time between a customer order and shipment, and it is knowing to radically improve profitability, customer satisfaction, throughput time, and employee morale (ROCKFORD 1999).The characteristics of lean processes areSingle-piece productionRepetitive order characteristicsJust-In-Time materials/pull schedulingShort cycle times tender changeoverContinuous flow work cellsCollocated machines, equipment, tools and peopleCompressed spaceMulti-skilled employeesFlexible workforceEmpowere d employeesHigh first-pass yields with major reductions in defectsThe term Lean is very apt because in Lean Manufacturing the emphasis is to cut out the fat or waste in the manufacturing process. Waste is defined as anything that does not add value to the customer. It could also be defined as anything the customer is unwilling to pay for.For example, if you order a shirt to be custom made, it may take 6 weeks. However the actual time the tailors or seamstresses are working on the shirt is only 5 hours. The rest of the time is interpreted up by such things as material ordering, waiting between processes and inefficient shipping practices. This extra time does not add value to you, the customer. As Lean Manufacturing principals are applied to the shirt-making process, one would see a reduction in delivery time from 6 to 5 to 4 weeks and even less. The beau ideal shirt-making operation would be streamlined to give you, the customer, what you want, when you want it at the lowest possib le cost within the least amount of time (CONTINENTAL DESIGN engineering 2008).5.2 Lean identifies seven types of wasteOver-Production Obviously a product that cannot be sold or has to be dumped at a reduced price is wasteful. overly producing product before the customer needs it requires the part to be stored and ties up money in inventory.Inventory Excess Inventory ties up a spacious deal of cash, which is wasteful. Stockpiling inventory between processes is wasteful.Conveyance Unnecessarily moving a part during the production process is wasteful. It can also cause malign to the part, which creates wasteful rework.Correction Having to re-work parts because of manufacturing errors is a large source of waste. Additionally, sorting and inspecting parts is wasteful and can be eliminated by error proofing (designing your processes so that the product can only be produced one way, which is the correct way, every time).Motion Unnecessary or awkward operator motions put undue stre ss on the body and cause waste. Improvement in this area should result in reduced injury and workmans compensation claims.Processing Unclear customer requirements cause the manufacturer to add unnecessary processes, which add cost to the product.Waiting The operator being idle between operations is wasteful. It is acceptable for the machine to wait on the operator, but it is unacceptable for the operator to wait on the machine.The 5S is a core method of lean manufacturing.Sort The first stage of 5S is to organize the work area, leaving only the tools and materials necessary to perform daily activities. When sorting is well implemented, communication between workers is improved and product quality and productivity are increased. Sort is the act of throwing off the unwanted, unnecessary, and unrelated materials in the workplace.Straighten (Set in order) The second stage of 5S involves the orderly arrangement of needed items so they are easy to use and accessible for anyone to find. order of magnitude eliminates waste in production and clerical activities.Shine this means keeping everything clean and swept. This maintains a safer work area and problem areas are quickly identified. An important part of shining is Mess Prevention. In other words, dont stick out litter, scrap, shavings, cuttings, etc., to land on the floor in the first place.Standardize The fourth stage of 5S involves creating a consistent approach for carrying out tasks and procedures. Orderliness is the core of standardization and is maintained by Visual Controls.Sustain This last stage of 5S is the discipline and commitment of all other stages. Without sustaining, your workplace can easily revert back to being dirty and chaotic. That is why it is so crucial for your team to be empowered to improve and maintain their workplace. When employees take pride in their work and workplace it can lead to greater job satisfaction and higher productivity.6.0 SUGGESTION FOR PERFORMANCE step6.1 BENCHMARK ING6.1.1 Benchmarking is a continuous measure of products, services and practices against firms best competitors. It is the process of evaluating and understanding the current position of a business in relation to the best practice to make out areas that need improvement and the means of improving performance.Benchmarking involves looking outward (outside a particular business, organisation, industry, region or country) to examine how others achieve their performance levels and to understand the processes they use. In this way benchmarking helps explain the processes behind excellent performance. When the lessons learnt from a benchmarking exercise are applied appropriately, they facilitate improved performance in critical functions within an organisation or in key areas of the business environment (Tutor2u).Application of benchmarking involves four key stepsUnderstand in detail existing business processesAnalyse the business processes of othersCompare own business performance with that of others analysedImplement the steps necessary to close the performance gapThe goal of benchmarking is to identify the weaknesses within an organization and improve upon them, with the idea of becoming the best of the best. The benchmarking process helps managers to find gaps in performance and turn them into opportunities for improvement. Benchmarking enables companies to identify the most successful strategies used by other companies of comparable size, type, or regional location, and then adopt relevant measures to make their own programs more efficient. Most companies apply benchmarking as part of a broad strategic process. For example, companies use benchmarking in order to find breakthrough ideas for improving processes, to support quality improvement programs, to motivate staffs to improve performance, and to satisfy managements need for competitive assessments.I choose Benchmarking because it targets roles, processes, and critical success factors. Roles are what defin e the job or function that a person fulfils. Processes are what consume a companys resources. Critical success factors are issues that company must address for success over the long-term in order to gain a competitive advantage. Benchmarking focuses on these things in order to point out inefficiencies and potential areas for improvement (Reference for Business 2010).By using all types of benchmarking (Internal, external, functional Generic) Peanutty will be able to identify internal or external standard recognized leaders and compare the current process that was implemented for its process.Benchmarking performance measurement system will allow Peanutty to have clear vision towards its current process (internally) and its competitors (competitors) in order to have continuous improvement to achieve its goals on cost reduction and high quality products.

Timeline of the History of Psychology

Timeline of the History of psychologyThe History of PsychologyMarisa AlexanderThe development of psychology took place in eras. The contributors of a degree provide the next necessary step for improvement of new philosophies sometime discarding altogether or part of the anterior to provide a new perspective. This experiment will explore the major contributors from the ancient Greeks to more modern times and demonstrate the improvement over time to where psychology is seen as a science.between 470-322BCE rose three major philosophers that played a pivotal role shaping western philosophical thinking. Philosophers such as Socrates, Plato and Aristotle were the foundation of what psychology as a science is today. They were switching from using mysticism or mythology to understand their world to experience and scientific inquiry. Socrates social functiond the power of reasoning and was the scratch line to use a scientific approach to psychology that focused on various causes of be haviour (Hergenhahn, 2009). His student Plato followed in his footsteps. Plato believed that ideas were congenital and the brain is the mechanism of mental processes. His innate ideas were denied by Aristotle who suggested that the heart was the mechanism of mental processes. He proposed that emotions emphasized judgements and behaviour and cause selective perception in the environment.Their philosophy flourished in that dot and rase later on Athens defeat.The Greek city- area was defeated by Sparta (431-404 B.C) which caused the collapse of Athens. The Romans invaded the Greek territory and in that location was a need for a philosophy that can hide the instabilities and ills of this era. To address this issue the Romans focused on helping one-on-ones live a good life. Philosophies such as stoicism, skepticism, Epicureanism and Neo-Platonism emerged. These philosophies were involved in the transition from philosophy to Christianity. thither were various conflicting versions of Christianity so to eliminate this issue Constanine placed the responsibility on bishops to arrive at a single set of documents to govern Christian communities. Through this in C. 380 Christianity became the approved devotion in Rome by Theodosius I. there were some aspects in philosophy that were useful to Christianity and was incorporated along with Judaism into the religion by Augustine.Augustines work fell into the medieval period this period marked the fall of the Roman Empire and the beginning of the Renaissance period (approx. CE 400 CE1300). It was a period of rebirth and a transition from being God centred to being more pitying centred (Hergenhahn, 2009). Having an open mind was one of the requirements of this time. Ushering in this period was the devastating epidemic the Black Death which killed approximately one-third of Europe. This changed Europe social and economic situation drastically for the worse. Frustration caused Europe to look comfort in Christianity. It was a time when the Roman Catholic Church was the authoritative figure in all aspects of Europes life. The renaissance period was a difficult time for the church as it was threatened by the loss of its powers on the state. This made room for the emergence of leaders to govern the state without the church. Other factors threatened the authority such as the invention of the printing press by Johannes Gettenburg (1445). The invention meant that literature would be easily accessible and not just owned by the elite. It also meant that they would not befool to rely on the interpretations of the priest but they can read and interpret for themselves.The period steered way for new philosophies that would belief in individual potential, see religion as more personal and less institutionalized, show an intense interest in the classics, and have a negative attitude toward Aristotles philosophy (Hergenhahn, 2009). Bacon, Descartes and Galileo work emerged around C.1610 which created a scientif ic revolution in psychology. Bacon was an empiricist whose vision for sciences was to be able to brighten human problems. He focused on inductive reasoning which dealt with facts that can be observed. Descartes on the different hand, was a rationalist who saw the mind and automobile trunk as two separate entities. The body is observable and measurable. In contrast, the mind is not instantaneously observable. He also stated that ideas were innate and they are go through and through with such precision and uniqueness that they need to be accepted as true. Galileo explored the laws that governed the sensual world. He tried to apply the laws of the universe in understanding human thought and behavior through deductive reasoning which deals with shouting an event from general principle. So based on the laws he concluded that psychology was impossible to predict because of the subjective nature of human thought (Hergenhahn, 2009).Locke was an empiricist who opposed Descartes philos ophy of innate idea (King, Viney Woody, 2009). In 1690 Locke published An Essay Concerning Human Understanding which defended empiricism and concerned itself with determining the boundaries of human understanding in respect to a wide variety of topics (Uzgalis, 2001). Locke thought that if all humans had innate ideas as Descartes stated, then all humans should possess these ideas and since they do not, then Descartes philosophy of it is not true. He believed that our minds were like a blank paper or slates at birth and through sensory experiences it would be furnished with the necessary ideas.In 1808 Gall had a different perspective for understanding human behavior. He believed that faculties ( temper and intelligence traits) were stored in precise parts of the brain (King et al, 2009). The shape and size of a persons skill he believed was a good indication for presents or absence of personality and intelligence traits. While Gall focused on physical features Weber was concerned with sensations. Weber was the first to quantify perceived differences between a physical stimulus and sensation, his work entailed experiments what looked at just noticeable differences between stimuli. Just noticeable difference is the standard detectable difference between the standard and the relation weight. He published his research on The Sense of Touch in 1834.Another approach surfaced called evolutionary psychology and was pioneered by Charles Darwin. In his publication of the theme of Species (1859) it explains that we develop behaviors and cognitive abilities to adapt to our environment for our survival (Houck 1999). Twenty years later there was a new dis big topy by Wilhelm Wundt, he was the first to establish a lab for studying psychology in 1879 and used introspection to collect information. He conducted experiments examining the physical on the psyche and agreed with Darwins concept on the importance of adaptation (Kim, 2006). In his research he recognized the need for scholarly journals but his new research did not befit with the established physiology or philosophy journals (King et al, 2009). So in 1881 he published the first issue of mental Studies.Wundt and Titchener dominated the introspective self-observation approach when Ebbinghaus began his research on human memory. Ebbinghaus was systematic and cautious in his approach to the study of memory this changed the standard by confirming that higher cognitive processes could also be analyze scientifically. His method moved the study of memory out of philosophy and into the domain of empirical science. His study showed that memorizing meaningless is more difficult that memorizing meaningful ones, an increase in the amount of material increases the amount of time it takes to learn it, relearning is easier that initial learning and forgetting takes longer after relearning (Plunker 2013). He then discovered that forgetting happens rapidly right after learning occurs and slows down over time. He published his findings in 1885 Memory A Contribution to Experimental Psychology.Hall was a functionalist and influential in launching psychology as a science and in its development as a profession. Just as Ebbinghaus, Stanley used scientific methods in conducting his experiments his is famous for work on child development, especially adolescence (King et al, 2009). Hall spearheaded the scientific approaches in the field of psychology. In 1887 he launched theAmerican Journal of Psychology (APA), and in 1892 he organised the American Psychological Association and held the position as its first president (Perry, 2006). Calkins was the fourteenth (14th) president of APA in 1905 she did her dissertation and was refused her doctorate from Harvard University even though she met the requirements.Thorndike was a behaviourist which is a branch of psychology dealing with objective experimental approach and learning behaviours. His theory focused on connections created in the mind between en vironmental stimuli and the organisms response, where as previous theorists focused on connections between ideas. In 1898 An Experimental Study of the Associative Processes in animal(prenominal)s was his thesis he wrote on his experiments conducted on animals (Wozniak, n.d). Apart from Thorndike, there are other behaviourist who influenced psychology with their works, there are Watson, Skinner and Pavlov. Watson published a piece in 1913 on Psychology as the Behaviourist Views where he discussed his position on behaviourism and the theoretical goal to predict and control behaviour. He stated that itshould onlybe about things we can directly observe, that is, the relationship between the environment and the behaviour of the organism (Watson, 1913). Skinner dealt with modifying behaviour through reinforcement and punishment. He did experiments with animals and published his work as The Behaviour of Organisms in 1938. Then there was Pavlov who published his work on Lectures on Conditi oned Reflexes in 1928 which dealt with finding from his experiment he discovered though observing a pattern. He noticed that the dog was conditioned to have a reflex action this pattern was not the real intention of his experiment. This he called classical conditioning.A different perspective of psychology emerged in the beginning of the twentieth century that focused on the unconscious part of the mind. This was actual by Freud, who stated that there are events or things that the mind cannot deal with that is stored in the unconscious. Also there are structures that make up our personality such as the id, ego and superego and the from each one have a responsibility. He also proposed developmental stages which has a connection to sexuality or erogenous zones. Apart from this he stated that unconscious thought or issues manifested in dreams. Freud published Interpretations of Dreams in 1900 to describe his work on the subject. Freud had followers of his approach such as Alfred Alde r, Erik Erikson, Carl Jung, and his daughter Anna Freud. They all went on to will from his theory and develop their own using his foundation.Another perspective to understanding human behaviour is Gestalt. This movement in psychology was launched by Wertheimer in 1905 and antagonist to behavioural perspective that viewed the parts or saw thing on a molecular level this approach was more on a torpedo (holistic) level. It represents a more cognitive aspect in psychology since the focus is on perception and the forming of self-organizing tendencies which provide insight through an overall view. There were other theorist that followed this movement such as Wolfgang Khler and Kurt Koffka who worked with Wertheimer. Humanistic is similar to gestalt but they extend their focus from a more perceptual consciousness to cover the organisms entire state of being. Behaviour should be understood from a subjective perspective (individual experience) and it is not dependent on the past. Instead the individual is allowed to make their own choices or choose their own part. Rogers published the theory as it relates to counselling in 1942 in Counselling and Psychotherapy.The Latest great voice to psychology was the publishing of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM 5). This was published in 2013 and contained a classification system for diagnosing mental disorders. In the previous years there was one revision and many four (4) editions of the same book. The first edition of this book was published in 1952 and ever since then as became the bible of mental disorders and useful providing valuable information on the matter.In conclusion it was necessary for the development of psychology to be a science for it to go through the rigorous changes in time. There were many instances for the theorists living in that time to adopt the changes and integrate them into their theories. As previously mentioned there were a cluster of building of this approach for ancie nt Greek from philosophy with many other hard sciences such as physics, physiology add to it throughout the years to be developed to what it is today.ReferencesHergenhahn, B. R. (2009). An introduction to the history of psychology (6th ed.). Belmont, Calif. Wadsworth Pub. Co..Houck, R. (n.d.). Charles Darwin. Psychology History. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from http//www.muskingum.edu/psych/psycweb/history/darwin.htmKim, A. (2006, June 16). Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt. Stanford University. Retrieved April 29, 2014, from http//plato.stanford.edu/entries/wilhelm-wundt/TheFraExpPsyKing, D. B., Viney, W., Woody, W. D. (2009). A history of psychology ideas and context (4th ed.). Boston Allyn and Bacon.Parry, M. (2006). G. Stanley Hall Psychologist And Early Gerontologist. American Journal of earth Health, 96(7), 1161-1161.Plucker, J. (2013, November 7). Human Intelligence Hermann Ebbinghaus. Human Intelligence Hermann Ebbinghaus. Retrieved April 29, 2014, from http//www.intelltheory.com/ebb inghaus.shtmlUzgalis, W. (2001, September 2). John Locke. Stanford University. Retrieved April 30, 2014, from http//plato.stanford.edu/entries/locke/Watson, J. B. (1913). Psychology As The Behaviourist Views It.. Psychological Review, 20(2), 158-177.Wozniak, R. (n.d.). Classics in the History of Psychology. Introduction to Thorndike (1911) by R. H. Wozniak. Retrieved April 29, 2014, from http//psychclassics.yorku.ca/Thorndike/Animal/wozniak.htm

How to Cheat the Reaper ::

How to Cheat the ReaperGeorge Brams shivered, despite the warmth of his new car. But George never felt solely warm these days - eighty years had taken their toll on his body, and his tissue-thin flesh provided no barrier against the malevolence of a chilly December night. speckle locked into familiar routine of driving country lanes, Georges mind drifted back to the notwithstandingts of the previous day, and even of the past year. Just when he thought he could safely assign that his ancient body held no more unpleasant surprises for him, such as his cancer scare a few years ago, strange things had begun to happen.First, there were the voices. They had started most two years ago. At first, he had assumed that an insect had become trapped in his ear, yet he quickly realized that there was not an insect in existence that made this kind of unearthly noise. They seemed to whisper to him from a great distance, yet they sounded remarkably close to his ear. He couldnt quite sac k out what the voices said, although he had strained his weak ears in the hope of recognizing a stray word. But the voices seemed to slither through the air, continually changing, yet always present. George even thought he recognized some of the voices - of late, they had seemed to increase in volume and urgency, which let the voices spark a fleeting recognition from him - but his memory was old and tired, and the recollection of a familiar voice was swamped in grey and disappeared from his mind.Georges heart skipped a beat as he was pulled from his memories by a cat startle into his cars path, its life saved only by Georges still impressively quick reaction.After a few minutes the adrenaline began to leak from Georges blood and his ventilating system slowed. Again the hypnotic nature of the cats eyes studded along the black road drew George into his memories. He remembered what had happened after he had seen the doctor about the voices - the nightmares. indescribable things that waited until his mind was asleep and open to suggestion, and then dived in, filling the old mans head with such terror that he often awoke himself with his pitiful screams. Before, his wife would wake him onwards the nightmare reached its surreal and horrifying conclusion, but now Rose was gone.

Television and the Nuclear Family Essay -- Television Media TV

Television and the Nuclear Family Television families have been around since the 1950s, of which in the beginning, there were the nuclear families. Nuclear families usually consisted of the father, mother, two or three children and sometimes a pet. One the first families on television were the Nelsons. The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet debuted in the betimes 1950s and ran through the middle of the 1960s (Brooks, 16). The family consisted of Ozzie (dad), Harriet (mom), David (older son), and Ricky (younger son). This show genuinely modeled the Nelson family in real life. Parts of their life were actually on television, making The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, in some way, the first reality show. The Nelsons were a real family that was non portrayed by actors, but by the... Television and the Nuclear Family Essay -- Television Media TVTelevision and the Nuclear Family Television families have been around since the 1950s, of which in the beginning, there w ere the nuclear families. Nuclear families usually consisted of the father, mother, two or three children and sometimes a pet. One the first families on television were the Nelsons. The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet debuted in the early 1950s and ran through the middle of the 1960s (Brooks, 16). The family consisted of Ozzie (dad), Harriet (mom), David (older son), and Ricky (younger son). This show actually modeled the Nelson family in real life. Parts of their life were actually on television, making The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, in some way, the first reality show. The Nelsons were a real family that was not portrayed by actors, but by the...

Essay --

Smithsonian Digital Libraries provided various materials for its user which are Databases, Exhibitions and Collections. These materials are very useful to researchers as it provide accurate and reliable information. Besides that, it as well provides the collection of online books range from Art, History and Culture.Database is a collection of data to search materials easily. Smithsonian Digital Libraries provides databases such as Taxonomic Literature II which are a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types. In addition, other available database is Smithsonian Research Online that itemized a set of services to the research community both within and outdoors the Smithsonian Institution. Other examples of databases available are listed as below.Example of Databases in Smithsonian Digital LibrariesoTaxonomic Literature IIoSmithsonian Research Onlineo indicant AnimaliumoTrade LiteratureThrough exhibitions in Smithsonian Digital Librari es enable users to explore the rich variety of topics, images and materials featured in online exhibition. On the other hand, the contemporary exhibition allows users to think the display of the latest exhibitions as the date and location are being stated. Besides that, National Museum of American History curators created the panel to bring home the bacon users with reproductions of the worlds greatest pieces such as illustrations from rare books and document from the travelling exhibition column.Examples of Exhibitions in Smithsonian Digital LibrariesoOnline Exhibitiono occurrent ExhibitionoTravelling ExhibitionoLibrary and Archival Exhibitions on the WebSmithsonian Digital Libraries range from various type of collection. One of the collections is Caldwe... ...for its users. For educational purposes, user can easily access through the three main type of collection that have been provided. Researchers and scientist are being supply with current periodicals and schoolmaster soci ety publications. In addition, with the existence of online books, user will acquire the same information as the printed book. On the other hand, user can also view the exhibition on interesting topic as Smithsonian Digital Libraries offers various type of exhibition such as online and travel exhibition. There are no broken links in this digital depository library.LinkAll the listed hyperlinks in Smithsonian Digital Libraries are well-functioning as it takes user to the accurate information. The link contains in this library were involve only internal link. For example, if user clicks on either one of the link, the tab will be open through the same page.

Villains, Sin, and Sex in Shakespeares Othello and King Lear Essays

Villains, Sin, and Sex in Othello and King Lear Many of Shakespeare plays are littered with crude and graphical sexual references, jests, and insults. But there is one type of character present throughout Shakespeares plays that twist the sexual imagery and repartee, and that is the villain. There is a deeply root combination between sex and evil. This essay will develop this idea in depth by focusing on Iago of Othello and Edmund of King Lear. Iago is probably viewed as one of Shakespeares greatest villains. Hes calm, cool, collected, and simply put brilliant. He manipulates Othello, the moors lieutenant Cassio, Desdemonas scorned suitor Roderigo, her father Brabantio, and his own wife Emilia with such masterful acquisition and ease, that there is no stopping him until its too late. But what is this great skill that he wields at his victims? What hideous power can Iago possibly posses in redact to pull the great puppeteers strings? Its sex. While Iago is not a sexual being per say, he certainly wields a sexually edged blade when he begins to attack his victims. In the grand scheme of things, he is angry that Othello has passed him over for the rank of lieutenant, and Iago wants his revenge. In order to complete his vendetta against the moor, he uses a sexually charged scheme that carefully embroils others to unwittingly aid him in his goal. In the very first scene of the play, Iago pulls in the jilted suitor Roderigo to begin his revenge. The moor has secretly married Desdemona, and now Iago plans to begin his downfall by informing her father. Roderigo is coerced into this plot by his own lust for the senators daughter, which Iago exploits to his fullest capabilities. While trying to rouse Br... ...akespeare s Philosophical Patterns. London Mass Peter Smith, 1968. Campbell, Lily B. Shakespeares Tragic Heroes, Slaves of Passion. Gloucester Peter Smith Publisher Inc., 1973. Schlegel, August Wilhelm. Criticism on Shakespeare s Tragedies . A Course of Lectures on Dramatic Art and Literature. London AMS Press, Inc., 1965. Shakespeare, William. King Lear. Eric A., McCann, ed. Harcourt Brace Jovanovick, Canada Inc., Canada. 1998 Snyder, Susan. Beyond the Comedy Othello Modern Critical Interpretations, Othello Ed. Harold Bloom, Pub. Chelsea House sore Haven CT 1987. (page 23-37) Norman Sanders, ed. Othello. Cambridge New York, 1995 12. J. Adelman. Iagos Alter Ego Race as Projection in Othello, Shakespeare Quarterly v48 Summer 1997 130. Kott, Jan. Shakespeare Our Contemporary. Garden City Doubleday & Company, 1994.

The Second Industrial Revolution :: essays research papers

The Second Industrial Revolution brought one and prosperity to the once uneconomical Europe. Products such as railroads, coal, iron, and textiles, as well as the discovery of electricity, and use of chemicals, petroleum, and steel, are all contributes to what is referred to as the Second Industrial Revolution. These products brought improvement and advancement to all social classes.The Middle Class was profited greatly due(p) to the Revolution. Some were even starting to merge with upper class due to the wealth of entrepreneurs, marriages of upper middle class to upper class, and such. Schools also helped them find unity where upper middle class sons were allowed to study with elite upper class.Steel being substituted for iron was one of the original multifariousnesss do during the Second Industrial revolution. This change made smaller and faster engines and better railways and ships. The new tran blusteration advances such as the construction of many new rail lines (due to the substitution of iron for steel) made it possible for all social classes to travel and be tourist. It was very popular on weekends for working and middle class to travel to amusement parks, to the beach, dancehalls, or sport stadiums, where they could watch a newly organized professional sport.Discoveries in mmedicine and the environment improved nutrition as well as reduced unsanitary urban environments which carried diseases, poor water quality, and unproper removals of sewage. Urbanization is the term used to described the boom in population during this time in urban areas. Sanitary reforms stepped up during this time and developed ways to sanitize the most filthy parts of Europe.Many women struggled with the Woman question during this time.

Making a Living & Building a Life: Ranchwomen in Early Arizona History :: Essays Papers

Making a Living & Building a Life Ranchwomen in Early Arizona History In the early days of Arizona, ranchwomen contend vital roles as business partners, wives, mothers, nurses, teachers, etc. Many of their stories reveal how women often were married into the cattle industry. The lives of many of these early women begin to be told by connecting them with their husbands. However, it is manifest that these women were not just the wives of so and so. Instead, the women actively participated in the development and worked to put all of their effort into helping their husbands business succeed. This led to a flourishing of a group of highly skilled, adaptable, and socially aware women. The commonly held belief that it was solely men who drove cattle across the desert, dealt with the details of a family business, and worked the ranch only while their wives watched after the children, is continuously refuted by the stories of ranchwomen in early Arizona. In actuality a ranchwom an made the cattle industry, not just her husbands business, scarce rather their business. Besides business, women were concerned with community and home-building. The organization and influence of The Cowbelles, has not only provided a historical record of life on Arizona ranches, it has similarly provided an example and inspiration to women today. The additional efforts these women put towards encouraging neighborly attitudes, becoming nurses and teachers, and simply doing what was necessary to survive all were part of laying the foundations for some of the prototypical modern day towns of Arizona. A timeline of events reveals the gradual birth of the cattle industry in Arizona and reveals the positive and negative results for different groups of people. In 1822, Mexico gained independence from Spain which resulted in a new political sympathies. Protection by the military was largely withdrawn from what is now known as Arizona as a result, new settlers on the la nd had major problems dealing with a 50 year period of Apache depredations (Accomazzo v). However, in the 1870s many of the tribes which were troubling to the settlers were sent to reservations by the federal government (Accomazzo v). In 1872, what is known as the second phase of cattle ranching in Arizona, that of the Americans began (Accomazzo vi).

University of Florida Volleyball :: essays research papers

Through the evolution of associations and legislation, the restrictions of womens summercater lifted and created equality in athletics between the sexes. In addition, Dr Ruth H. Alexander, Weiss, and Lawler are responsible for the establishment and success of Lady Gator athletics, specifically volleyball. Marilyn McReavy, with a career of 156-100 at UF, and Mary sweet whose reign includes 58 straight home wins lead Lady Gators volleyball to a prominent standing not only in the SEC, but also in the nation.In 1967, the Commission on Intercollegiate sportswoman for Women functioned under the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance. Here, three championship divisions were establish 750 at the state level, 150 at the regional level, and 39 and the national level. In 1971, the Association of Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW) was a product of the Commission. The primary adjoin (conflict) of the AIAW was the financial restriction placed on women s athletics. No scholarship or financial aid was available to the athletes as well as a lack of money (support) for recruiting or coaching. In 1972, the U.S. Congress passed the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, which vehemently targeted sex discrimination. In 1975, Title IX gave universities 3 old age to change the inequity and grant womens athletics comparable funds. Dr. Ruth H. Alexander furthered funding equality, increasing from $16,000 to $1,300,000 between 1972 and 1980. As women were receiving more equal athletic privilege a problem developed in the administration of the Division I teams compared to Divisions II and III. Coaches lead both mens and womens teams having dickens different sets of rules as well as two separate conferences often having conflicting dates.The University of Florida officially approved eight Lady Gator sports, including volleyball, in the 1974-1975 instill year. Two years later, six out of the eight sports teams finished in the top ten of the nation for quality of athletes and schedules. The first volleyball SEC tourney occurred in the 1979-1980 school year, three years prior to the NCAAs request for a womens tournament from each conference. In 1980, followed the Florida Womens Intercollegiate Athletics Equity Act. As Alexanders successor, Weiss came from the University of Utah in 1981 to revive Lady Gator volleyball and brought the University of Floridas womens athletic program up to 4th in the nation. She hired Marilyn McReavy, one of two prominent Lady Gator volleyball coaches, who lead the gators until 1991 when Mary Wise was appointed head coach.

University of Florida Volleyball :: essays research papers

Through the evolution of associations and legislation, the restrictions of womens athletics lifted and created equality in athletics between the sexes. In addition, Dr ruth H. horse parsley, Weiss, and Lawler are responsible for the establishment and success of Lady Gator athletics, specifically volleyball. Marilyn McReavy, with a career of 156-100 at UF, and Mary Wise whose reign includes 58 straight home wins lead Lady Gators volleyball to a prominent standing not only in the SEC, but also in the nation.In 1967, the Commission on Intercollegiate Athletics for Women functioned under the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance. Here, trio championship divisions were established 750 at the state level, cl at the regional level, and 39 and the national level. In 1971, the Association of Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW) was a product of the Commission. The primary concern (conflict) of the AIAW was the financial restriction determined on wo mens athletics. No scholarship or financial aid was available to the athletes as soundly as a lack of money (support) for recruiting or coaching. In 1972, the U.S. Congress passed the Elementary and Secondary Education Act, which vehemently targeted sex discrimination. In 1975, Title IX gave universities 3 years to change the inequity and fall in womens athletics comparable funds. Dr. Ruth H. Alexander furthered funding equality, increasing from $16,000 to $1,300,000 between 1972 and 1980. As women were receiving more equal athletic privilege a task developed in the administration of the Division I teams compared to Divisions II and III. Coaches lead both mens and womens teams having two different sets of rules as well as two separate conferences often having conflicting dates.The University of Florida officially approved eight Lady Gator sports, including volleyball, in the 1974-1975 school year. Two years later, half dozen out of the eight sports teams finished in the top ten of the nation for quality of athletes and schedules. The first volleyball SEC tournament occurred in the 1979-1980 school year, three years prior to the NCAAs request for a womens tournament from each conference. In 1980, followed the Florida Womens Intercollegiate Athletics Equity Act. As Alexanders successor, Weiss came from the University of Utah in 1981 to revive Lady Gator volleyball and brought the University of Floridas womens athletic program up to 4th in the nation. She leased Marilyn McReavy, one of two prominent Lady Gator volleyball coaches, who lead the gators until 1991 when Mary Wise was appointed head coach.

Part Seven Chapter 1

Relief of Poverty 13.5 Gifts to benefit the poor are charitable, and a gift for the poor is charitable even if it happens incident anyy to benefit the rich Charles Arnold-Bakerlocal anesthetic Council Administration,Seventh EditionNearly three weeks after the sirens had wai conduct through sleepy Pagford, on a sunny morning in April, Shirley Mollison stood alone in her bedroom, make a face at her reflection in the mirrored wardrobe. She was making final ad providedments to her dress before her now-daily drive to S forthh West General. The belt buckle slid up a hole tighter than it had done a fortnight ago, her silver hair was in need of a trim and her grimace against the sunshine blazing into the room could suck been a simple expression of her mood.When Miles accompanied her to the hospital, she could let him do all the talking to Howard, which he did, keeping up a steady monologue of Pagford news. She felt up so much better both more(prenominal) visible and more protected wit h tall Miles walking beside her down the chilly corridors. He chatted genially to the nurses, and reach her in and come out of the car, and restored to her the sense of being a rare creature, worthy of care and protection. But Miles could non come every day, and to Shirleys profound irritation he kept deputizing Samantha to accompany her. This was not the same thing at all, even though Samantha was one of the few who managed to bring a smile to Howards purple vacant face.Nobody seemed to realize how dreadful the silence was at home either. When the doctors had told the family that recuperation would take months, Shirley had hoped that Miles would ask her to move into the spare room of the big house in Church Row, or that he magnate stay over, from clock to time, in the bungalow. But no she had been left alone, quite alone, except for a painful three-day detail when she had played hostess to Pat and Melly.Id neer maintain done it, she reassured herself, automatically, in the silent night, when she could not sleep. I never really meant to. I was just upset. Id never sustain done it.She had buried Andrews EpiPen in the soft earth beneath the bird table in the garden, like a tiny corpse. She did not like fareing it was t here. Some dark evening soon, the night before refuse-collection day, she would dig it up again and slip it into a neighbours bin.Howard had not mentioned the needle to her or to anyone. He had not asked her why she had run away when she saw him.Shirley found relief in long rattling streams of invective, directed at the people who had, in her stated opinion, caused the catastrophe that had fallen on her family. Parminder Jawanda was the first of these, naturally, for her callous refusal to attend Howard. Then there were the two teenagers who, through their vile irresponsibility, had diverted the ambulance that might have reached Howard sooner.The latter argument was perhaps a little weak, tho it was the enjoyable fashion to denigrate S tuart groin and Krystal Weedon, and Shirley found plenty of willing listeners in her nimble circle. What was more, it had transpired that the Wall boy had been the Ghost of Barry Fairbrother all along. He had confessed to his parents, and they had personally telephoned the victims of the boys spite to apologize. The Ghosts identity had leaked swiftly into the wider community, and this, coupled with the knowledge that he had been jointly responsible for the drowning of a three-year-old child, made abuse of Stuart both a duty and a pleasure.Shirley was more vehement in her comments than anybody. There was a savagery in her denunciations, each of them a little exorcism of the kinship and admiration she had felt for the Ghost, and a repudiation of that awful last post which nobody else, as yet, had admitted to seeing. The Walls had not telephoned Shirley to apologize, but she was constantly primed, in case the boy should mention it to his parents, or in case anybody should bring it up , to deliver a final crushing blow to Stuarts constitution.Oh yes, Howard and I know all about it, she planned to say, with icy dignity, and its my belief that the shock caused his heart attack.She had actually practised saying this aloud in the kitchen.The question of whether Stuart Wall had really known something about her husband and Maureen was less urgent now, because Howard was patently incapable of shaming her in that way again, and perhaps never would be, and nobody seemed to be gossiping. And if the silence she offered Howard, when she was needs alone with him, was tinged with a sense of grievance on both sides, she was able to face the prospect of his protracted incapacitation and absence from the house with more equanimity than she might have thought possible three weeks previously.The doorbell rang and Shirley hurried to open it. Maureen was there, hobbling on ill-advised high heels, garish in bright aquamarine.Hello, dear, come in, verbalise Shirley. Ill get my bag.T heyre saying people got up a collection, said Maureen, brimful of gossip that Shirley had somehow missed, in her endless back and forward trips to the hospital. Dont ask me who. Anyway, I wouldnt have thought the family would want it right by the river, would you?(The dirty and foul-mouthed little boy, of whose existence few had been aware, and of whom nobody but his mother and sister had been specially fond, had nethergone such a transformation in Pagfords collective mind by his drowning, that he was spoken of everywhere as a water baby, a cherub, a pure and gentle angel whom all would have embraced with love and compassion, if that they could have saved him.But the needle and the flame had had no transformative effect upon Krystals reputation on the contrary, they had fixed her permanently in the mind of Old Pagford as a soulless creature whose pursuit of what the elderly liked to call kicks had led to the death of an innocent child.)Shirley was pulling on her coat.You realize, I actually saw them that day? she said, her cheeks turning pink. The boy bawling by one clump of bushes, and Krystal Weedon and Stuart Wall in another Did you? And were they really ? asked Maureen avidly.Oh yes, said Shirley. Broad daylight. Open air. And the boy was right by the river when I saw him. A couple of steps and hed have been in.Something in Maureens expression stung her.I was hurrying, said Shirley with asperity, because Howard had said he was feeling poorly and I was worried sick. I didnt want to go out at all, but Miles and Samantha had sent Lexie over I think, if you want my honest opinion, theyd had a row and then Lexie wanted to visit the cafe I was utterly distracted, and all I could think was, I must get back to Howard I didnt actually realize what Id seen until much later and the dreadful thing, said Shirley, her colorize higher than ever, and returning again to her favourite refrain, is that if Krystal Weedon hadnt let that child wander off while she was having her fun in the bushes, the ambulance would have reached Howard so much more quickly. Because, you know, with two of them coming things got confu Thats right, said Maureen, interrupting as they moved out towards the car, because she had heard all this before. You know, I cant think why theyre having the service here in Pagford She longed to purpose that they drive past the church on the way to the hospital she had a craving to see what the Weedon family looked like en masse, and to glimpse, perhaps, that degenerate junkie mother but could think of no way to frame the request.You know, theres one comfort, Shirley, she said, as they set off for the bypass. The Fields are as good as gone. That must be a comfort to Howard. Even if he cant attend council for a while, he got that done.Andrew Price was speeding down the steep hill from Hilltop House, with the sun stifling on his back and the wind in his hair. His week-old shiner had turned yellow and green, and looked, if poss ible, even worse than it had when he had turned up at naturalize with his fondness almost closed. Andrew had told the teachers who enquired that he had fallen off his bike.It was now the Easter holidays, and Gaia had texted Andrew the previous evening to ask whether he would be going to Krystals funeral the next day. He had sent an immediate yes, and was now dressed, after much deliberation, in his cleanest jeans and a dark grey shirt, because he did not own a suit.He was not very clear why Gaia was going to the funeral, unless it was to be with Sukhvinder Jawanda, to whom she seemed to cling more fondly than ever, now that she was moving back to London with her mother.Mum says she should never have come to Pagford, Gaia had told Andrew and Sukhvinder happily, as the three of them sat on the low wall beside the newsagents at lunchtime. She knows Gavins a total twat.She had given Andrew her mobile weigh and told him that they would go out together when she came to Reading to see h er father, and even mentioned, casually, taking him to see some of her favourite places in London, if he visited. She was showering benefits around her in the flair of a demob-happy soldier, and these promises, made so lightly, gilded the prospect of Andrews own move. He had greeted the news that his parents had had an offer on Hilltop House with at least as much excitement as pain.The sweeping turn into Church Row, usually made with an uplift of spirits, dampened them. He could see people moving around in the graveyard, and he wondered what this funeral was going to be like, and for the first time that morning thought of Krystal Weedon in more than the abstract.A memory, long buried in the deepest recesses of his mind, came back to him, of that time in the playground at St Thomass, when Fats, in a spirit of disinterested investigation, had handed him a peanut hidden inside a marshmallow he could tranquil feel his burning throat closing inexorably. He remembered trying to yell, a nd his knees giving way, and the children all around him, watching with a strange, bloodless interest, and then Krystal Weedons raucous scream.Andiprice iz avin a lurgycacshunShe had run, on her stocky little legs, all the way to the staff room, and the headmaster had snatched Andrew up and sprinted with him to the nearby surgery, where Dr Crawford had administered adrenalin. She was the only one who had remembered the talk that their teacher had given the class, explaining Andrews atrocious condition the only one to recognize his symptoms.Krystal ought to have been given a gold merit star, and perhaps a certificate at assembly as Pupil of the Week, but the very next day (Andrew remembered it as clearly as his own collapse) she had hit Lexie Mollison so hard in the mouth that she had knocked out two of Lexies teeth.He wheeled Simons bike carefully into the Walls garage, then rang the doorbell with a reluctance that had never been there before. Tessa Wall answered, dressed in her s coop out grey coat. Andrew was annoyed with her it was down to her that he had a black eye.Come in, Andy, said Tessa, and her expression was tense. Well just be a minute.He waited in the hallway, where the slanting glass over the door cast its paintboxy glow on the floorboards. Tessa marched into the kitchen, and Andrew glimpsed Fats in his black suit, crumpled up in a kitchen chair like a crushed spider, with one arm over his head, as if he were fending off blows.Andrew turned his back. The two boys had had no communication since Andrew had led Tessa to the Cubby Hole. Fats had not been to school for a fortnight. Andrew had sent a couple of texts, but Fats had not replied. His Facebook page remained frozen as it had been on the day of Howard Mollisons party.A week ago, without warning, Tessa had telephoned the Prices, told them that Fats had admitted to having posted the messages under the name The_Ghost_of_Barry_Fairbrother, and offered her deepest apologies for the consequences they had suffered.So how did he know I had that computer? Simon had roared, advancing on Andrew. How did fucking Fats Wall know I did jobs after-hours at the printworks?Andrews only consolation was that if his father had known the truth, he might have ignored Ruths protests and continued to pummel Andrew until he was unconscious.Why Fats had decided to pretend he had authored all the posts, Andrew did not know. Perhaps it was Fats ego at work, his determination to be the mastermind, the most destructive, the baddest of them all. Perhaps he had thought he was doing something noble, taking the fall for both of them. either way, Fats had caused much more trouble than he knew he had never realized, thought Andrew, waiting in the hall, what it was like to live with a father like Simon Price, full in his attic room, with his reasonable, civilized parents.Andrew could hear the adult Walls talking in quiet voices they had not closed the kitchen door.We need to leave now, Tessa was saying. Hes got a moral financial obligation and hes going.Hes had enough punishment, said Cubbys voice.Im not asking him to go as a Arent you? said Cubby sharply. For Gods sake, Tessa. Dyou think theyll want him there? You go. Stu can stay here with me.A minute later Tessa emerged from the kitchen, closing the door firmly behind her.Stu isnt coming, Andy, she said, and he could tell that she was furious about it. Im sorry about that.