Paramount Health and Beauty Essay Example

Paramount Health and Beauty Essay Paramount Health and Beauty Company is in the process of launching a new technologically advanced nondisposable razor â€Å"Clean Edge†. With its improved design, Clean Edge provides superior performance by utilizing a vibrating technology to stimulate hair follicles and lift the hair from the skin, allowing for a more thorough shave. The company has decided to introduce it in the men’s market where it has a strong presence. The company is now focussing on positioning and naming of this new product. It also needs to decide on the promotional activities to be performed adhering to the budget constraints and also must decide on the distribution channels through which it can reach to the masses. Industry experts have divided the nondisposable razor and refill cartridge market into three segments based on price and quality: value, moderate and super premium. Paramount currently offers two products: Paramount Pro operating in the moderate segment and Paramount Avail operating in the value segment. With these two products, it captured the unit-volume market leader position with a 23% retail unit share and is now a respected brand in the industry. But neither Pro nor Avail had introduced significant technology innovations in the last five years. In the last decade, the industry has experienced significant growth in the super premium segment and has catered various product innovations and new technologies. The executives of the company have come to a consensus that the Clean Edge razor should be priced in the super premium segment. We will write a custom essay sample on Paramount Health and Beauty specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Paramount Health and Beauty specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Paramount Health and Beauty specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer But they are still sceptical on how to position the product. One strategy is to release the product into the mainstream razor market within the super premium segment and position it as the most effective razor available. Another is to introduce it as a niche product targeting the most intensely involved super premium consumers who look for superior skin care products. Both the positioning strategies have their own pros and cons. Also, clean edge razor faces a threat from a new entrant â€Å"Naiv† manufactured by one of its strong competitors Radiance. It also works on a similar technology and is due to release in September 2010. Naiv acquired a 13% share in test markets and based on Radiance’s past launches in the new product category Paramount believes that it would be a great success. It will also get an advantage of early entry into the market and is likely to be positioned as a niche product in the super premium segment. Also it is estimated that radiance would spend over $16 million for media advertising while Paramount aces a limitation in its budget for media advertising. The projected price of naiv is $11. 80 while that of clean edge razor, if introduced in the niche market, is 12. 99. Therefore some of the executives in Paramount feel that it is not a good idea to position it as a niche product. Positioning it as a mainstream entry has an advantage of preventing the existing customer base of Paramount moving to more innovative brands. It also can distinguish itself from the other competitors with its technical effi ciency. The projected price of clean edge is $11. 9 in this segment, which is lower than the price of Naiv. This gives clean edge an advantage over Naiv. But the problem here is that it already has a product in mainstream – Paramount Pro and introducing clean edge to this segment will lead to dilution of the brand power resulting in cannibalization. Here arises the need for executives to analyze the situation and come up with a strategy that best suits company’s interests. Recommendations: Positioning Clean Edge as the most effective available razor in the mainstream market would be the better option because Paramount has a prior experience in this sector and it would be easy for them to sustain in the market. Present sales of the Paramount in razor industry come to $170 million and Paramount Pro contributes to this significantly. By introducing Clean Edge in the mainstream sector a 60% fall in the sales of Pro is predicted and the revenue generated by it will come down to $68 million. But it is expected that clean edge will generate a revenue of $147. million* and in turn Paramount can achieve a net sales of $215. 8 million. Marketing cost is approximated to $42 million and Paramount will be able to generate a profit of $173. 8 million. If they had positioned it in the niche segment they would lose only 35% sales of Pro. But at the same time, due to the constraints in the market clean edge can raise sales of only $52. 8 million and the net sales will total to $163. 3 million. Here the marketing cost is approximated to $15 million and the revenue generated will amount to $148. million. Thus the figures clearly indicate that concentrating the mainstream would be more beneficial. Also Paramount will be able to achieve a profit margin of $3. 09 per unit even after providing distributors a margin of $3. 36 per unit. Since the product is being positioned in the mainstream segment it would be better if it is named â€Å"Paramount Clean Razor† because this helps customers relate with the brand and would be easier for it to compete with Naiv since it is a recognized brand in this sector. Also, by this Paramount can actually retain their old customers. Retail stores and drug stores must be focused for distribution since they perform volume sales of about 42% and 29% respectively. Special discounts must be given to them for bulk orders so as to gain more shelf space and their support too. *Calculated using weighted average factor that came out to 0. 284 and by comparing market expense and sales which are in fixed proportion as mentioned in the case.

Lab report on pineapple and jello Essays

Lab report on pineapple and jello Essays Lab report on pineapple and jello Paper Lab report on pineapple and jello Paper This specificity is due to the shapes of the enzyme molecules. Pineapples Pineapples lush, tropical sweetness is reason enough to enjoy it any way you can, but this fruit also contains vitamin C and manganese. This fruits most promising nutritional asset, though, may be broomball, a natural enzyme found in both the fruit and the stem. Most of the pineapple consumed in the United States is canned (in the form of juice as well as fruit), but fresh pineapple is much more flavor, and , despite its tough bristly shell, is easy to prepare. The fruit probably first grew wild in parts of South America and then spread to the Caribbean, where Columbus encountered it. By 1600, early European explorers had carried pineapples as far as China and the Philippines. In the 18th century, pineapples were taken to the Hawaiian Islands, eventually becoming the major fruit crop. Hawaiian pineapple producers were the first to can the fruit. Broomball The pineapple plant contains protein-digesting enzymes called, as a group, broomball. In the health world, these enzymes are regarded as useful in reducing muscle and tissue inflammation (hence the joint pain and wound-healing possibilities), as well as acting as a digestive aid. In the cooking world, on the other hand, broomball is regarded as the enemy of the gelatin dessert. If you use fresh pineapple in gelatin, the enzyme eats the protein and the gelatin will not gelin fact broomball is measured in units called GAL., or gelatin digesting units. The classic kitchen trick for getting around this pineapple-gelatin incompatibility is to cook the pineapple, thus reducing the power of the broomball. Recipes that would highlight the benefits of broomball start with fresh pineapple (which has two to three times the amount of broomball as canned pineapple does), and is then subjected to as little heat as possible. Broomball is used in meat dendrites, in hill-proofing beer, manufacturing recorded cereals, in certain cosmetics, and in preparation to treat edema and inflammation. Gelatin Gelatin, a familiar, ingredient in cooking, is obtained by boiling the skin, tendons, and ligaments of animals. As a result, it contains protein called collagen ( a primary component of joints, cartilage, and nails), and various amino acids (histamine, lysine, Lucien, thyrotrophic, and valise, to name a few). Remember: amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Gelatin has long been a key ingredient for providing support for jelled deserts, salads, frozen drinks, and soft candies such as Gummy Bears. In fact, the word gelatin is derived from the Latin gelatin, meaning stiff or frozen. ) Scientists have been studying gelatin for centuries. It has no smell or taste of its own, adapting to whatever it is added to. During the Napoleonic Wars, the French, desperate for nutrition SOUrces during the English blockade, reportedly first turned to gelatin as a source of protein (albeit a weak one). Gelatin began its long run as a popular consumable, however, in the offs, when it was first developed and then heavily promoted as a commercial product by Charles Knox, founder of the Knox Gelatin Corporation. In addition to its famous giggly food uses, gelatin with its flexible, dissociable structure is also used to manufacture capsules (both hard and soft-gel) to hold medications, vitamins, and other dietary supplements. It also has a range of industrial and medical engineering applications: Gelatin is an ingredient in film coatings, medical devices such as artificial heart valves, and in specialized meshes used to repair wounds, to name a few. Collagen About one quarter of all the protein in your body is collagen. It is a major structural material that forms molecular cables to strengthen the tendons and silent sheets that support the skin and internal organs. Bones and teeth are made by adding mineral crystals to collagen. Collagen provides structure to our bodies, protecting and supporting the softer tissues and connecting them with the skeleton. But, in spite of its critical function in the body, collagen is a relatively simple protein. Collagen from livestock animals is a familiar ingredient in cooking. Collagen is a protein, and like most proteins, when heated, it loses all of its structure. The polymer molecule unwinds. Then, when the denatured mass cools down, it soaks p all of the surrounding water like a sponge, forming gelatin. Lab 1 Objective: What form of pineapple juice contains enzymes that digest protein? Materials: For each group For entire class For every 3 groups 1 envelope Knox gelatin 4 test tubes water 1 test tube rack pineapple juices (below) 1 spoon Measuring cup ml) disposable pipettes hot plate to heat H2O ml graduated cylinder ml graduated cylinder Marking pen Procedure: 1 . Number and label the test tubes 1-4 and use the initials of a group member to identify your group. 2. Find 2 other groups and prepare 1 package of gelatin n the measuring cup using ml of boiling water and 30 ml of cold water. Stir well with a spoon until the gelatin is dissolved. 3. Place 3 ml of the designated pineapple juice into each test tube. Use a separate pipette for each type of juice. Failure to do so may result in mixing of the juice types and inaccurate results. Tube 1: water only Tube 2: fresh pineapple juice Tube 3: Canned pineapple juice Tube 4: Concentrated pineapple juice (thawed) 4. Add 10 ml of gelatin mixture to each test tube. Shake well to ensure proper mixing and place your samples in the refrigerator overnight using a test tube rack. . On Day 2, check the contents of each test tube for solidification of the contents and record your observations. Lab 2 Objective What effect does temperature have on an enzyme? For each group For entire class For every 2 groups 1 envelope Knox gelatin 6 test tubes water 1 test tube rack pineapple juices (below) 1 spoon 1 (1 ml) disposable pipette 100 ml graduated cylinder ml graduated cylinder Marking Pen Hot plate 1. Prepare the Knox gelatin by mixing 1 package of gelatin in the measuring cup using ml of boiling water and 30 ml of cold water. Stir well with a spoon until the gelatin is dissolved. 2. Number the test tubes from 1-5. Label the remaining test tube as ART (room temperature). 3. Each group will be assigned their own temperature gradient ranging from ICC 100 C. Each group must record the test tube numbers and the corresponding test temperatures for each test tube. Record the temperature of the room for the temperature for the ART test tube. 4. Next, add 3 ml of pineapple juice to each test tube. 5. Then heat each test tube to the appropriate temperature as assigned. Leave the test tube ART at room temperature. (HINT: start with all the test tubes in cool water in a glass beaker water bath. Gradually increase the temperature withdrawing the numbered test tubes in ICC increments in order as the appropriate temperature level in the bath is reached. 6. After the test tubes have been pulled from the water bath, add 10 ml of Knox gelatin (prepared in step 1) to each test tube and mix well. 7. Finally, place the test tubes in the refrigerator overnight. 8. On day 2, check each test tube for solidification or liquidity of the contents and record your observations. Objective Lab 3 What effect does pH have on enzyme activity? 1 envelope Knox gelatin 3 test tubes goggles apron (1 ml) disposable pipettes water 100 ml graduated cylinder 10 ml graduated cylinder MM HCI MM Niacin pineapple juice the gelatin is dissolved. 2. Label 1 test tube A for acid, 1 test tube B for base, and the last test tube C for control. 3. Place ml of pineapple juice into each of the labeled test tubes. Transfer 1 ml of base, 1 ml acid, and Mil of water into the appropriate test tubes of pineapple juice. HINT: Use a different pipette for each test tube to avoid contamination. 4. Add 10 ml of gelatin mixture to each test tube. Mix well, being careful to not get any of the acid or base on your skin. . Refrigerate the test tubes overnight and on day 2 check each test tube for solidification or liquidity of the contents. Record your observations. Enzyme Pre-Lab Questions: Directions: Read the background material provided to you. Using this material, your notes, and text, answer the following questions. 1. By definition, what is an enzyme? 2. (a) Describe what happens when a protein denatures. (b) Is the denatured protein still able to function? 3. (a) What is the name of the enzyme we are using in this lab? (b) What fruit is it found in? 4. (a) What is the protein we are using in this lab? B) For this lab, what is our food source for the protein? 5. In your own words, describe what happens to collagen when it is heated. 6. Read the procedure for Enzyme Lab 1. Make a hypothesis regarding which of the four juices (water, fresh pineapple juice, boxed juice, concentrated juice) will be solid and which will be liquid when you examine your results on Day 2. 7. Why is water used as a juice in Enzyme Lab 1? 8. Read the directions for Enzyme Lab 2. Make a hypothesis as to the nature of the contents of each test tube at Day 2; which test tubes contents will be solid and which will be liquid? 9. Why do you hypothesize this? 10.

Competing in World Markets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Competing in World Markets - Essay Example t varies from one place to the other, for instance some regions witness high rates of poverty, hence low purchasing power and this undermines international trade. There are also economic barriers to international trade for example the famous global financial crisis which has led to high inflation and bailouts (Shah, 2011). Finally political barriers for example formation of trade bodies like world trade organization, (WTO). It is mandated to promote free and fair global trade but it has been criticized for serving the interests of rich countries therefore exploiting the poor ones (Shah, 2011). Political barriers are the most significant since politics involves power and allocation of resources and it dominates social, economic and cultural issues of trade. To curb the barriers, many businesses employ earned value technique to measure their progress. Earn value is a monitoring tool used to find out whether the budget and the planned time frame tallies with the actual work done to est ablish if the project is on track. There are barriers to smart earned value like cost, performance and quality. Opponents of the technique say that its implementation cost and efforts are enormous yet the derived benefits of implementation are limited (Tammo, 1999). This means that a business may spend a great deal to implement this project management tool but there may be low quality output. Cost barrier is the most difficult one to overcome since a business always need money to expand and operate. If more money is used to implement earned value technique then the business may run at squeezed profits or even at a loss due to high cost of

Project Management Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Project Management Review - Essay Example While the former deals with system, the latter is related to environment and culture. It is necessary to develop a clear project scope statement that connects the project and customer. In addition, it is necessary for planning and control. Thereafter, there is proper work breakdown that will enable proper planning and monitoring of the progress of the project. As a result, the project and its changes will be properly documented and traceable. On the other hand, as Larson, and Gray, point out, the sociocultural aspects deal with developing a social system that incorporates the talents of various people working together to complete a project (14). It is the sociocultural aspect that develops a project culture that enhances teamwork and ensures high level of motivation. In addition, it should ensure provisions to quickly solve problems. Also, the dimension takes into consideration the interaction between the project and external environment. In total, it is about developing conducive so cial network of skilled professionals. II The three main elements which are to be balanced continuously in a project are time, cost and performance. In fact, in a project, these three constraints are not independent. Instead, they interact each other. For example, if resources are added to shorten the time period, there will be a rise in the project cost. For example, every project is evaluated according to â€Å"accomplishment, cost, and time period† (Larson, and Gray, 5). So, it becomes the most important function of a project management to balance the tradeoffs between time, cost and performance as a way to satisfy the customer in the end. III There are three basic ways to organize a project team. They are functional organization, dedicated project teams, and matrix structure. In the functional organization, the project is managed within the traditional, functional departments of an organization. Some examples are the departments of R&D and IT. This form is usually selecte d when the number of functional departments in the project is just one or two. In addition, in this system, one department is mainly responsible for implementation and it is this department that plays the most important role in the project. However, this system many not be suitable when a project is complex that requires a lot of independent decision making. However, a dedicated project team is usually an independent organizational unit, and it has members who devote their full time effort on the project. This team is suitable when the project is complex and large which requires a considerable number of functional disciplines, often more than six. The last one is matrix structure of organization. For this team, multiple functional units within the company are incorporated for people to be team members as needed. This form is often adopted when the project size is medium; that is bigger for the traditional functional organization and smaller for a full time dedicated team. In other w ords, when there are four to six functional disciples in a project, the matrix system is favored. The advantages of the traditional functional organization are flexibility, in-depth expertise, easy project transition, and lack of changes. However, the issues associated with this form are lack of focus due to fewer obligations, poor interaction among functional units, slow speed, and lack of motivation

Essay on Asymmetric Threat and Differences between International and

On Asymmetric Threat and Differences between International and Domestic Terrorism - Essay Example This form of intimidated has caused the nation to suffer economically as the security of the citizens is compromised while working thus affecting productivity. Terrorism is among the asymmetrical risks affecting the United States. The term asymmetrical threat refers to a threat where the group causing the terror is widely spread and operates within a shadowy network. The group is difficult to identify as it is camouflaged within the citizens living in the country. The organized groups are at times well funded and possess technology and weapons that are used to cause terror within the country. In simpler terms, asymmetric treats can be used to refer the technique of warfare that is not fair. The term fair in war can be used to refer to the use of surprise or unconventional weapon during the war. Asymmetric treat is successful mainly due to the use of the attacker’s strength to exploit the opponent’s weakness. Politics plays a significant part in the nature of terrorism w ithin a country. The United States have been attacked by many threats from Muslim nations. The world trade center came under attack from a Pakistani decedent in 1993 called Ramzi Yousef. The group parked an explosive filled rental van in the packing lot of tower one. His idea was to collapse the tower onto the second tower using urea nitrate. The bomb did a lot of  destruction but did not collapse according to Ramzi’s plan (Post, Ruby & Shaw, 2002). The paper will evaluate some of the asymmetric threats in the history of the  US and the cause of action taken by the government to counter these asymmetric threats. The government can act through legislative and executive means. This means that the legislative arm of government can create new law or the executive can make laws responding to the treat. One of the significant asymmetrical threats suffered by the US in the resent past includes the September Eleventh bombing of the trade towers. The threats become eminent due to the influence of the US on foreign Muslim nation and the war against terrorism. Prior to the bombing, a series of bombing aimed towards the US and its allies had been witnessed with bombing in Kenya and Tanzania in 1998, claiming a total of 19 US casualties and a significant number of the nations citizens (Post, Ruby & Shaw, 2002). The organization responsible for this attack and the threat was the Al-Qaeda group headed by Osama Bin Laden. On September 11, the group hijacked four passenger airliners and attacked America’s trade center which doubled as a symbol of the nation’s economic and military strength. The air strike resulted to the destruction of the buildings and the  killing of 2,726 people on American soil. The action taken by the legislature was aimed at ensuring that such an attack did not take place again and capturing the mastermind of the attack. The public law 107-40 was among the law passed giving the president the power to use force necessary to elim inate any organization responsible. Laws governing judicial detentions were amended to allow secret detention. The department of homeland security was created during this period. The USA patriotic Act allowed the USA government to interdict terrorist and also a criminal statute against those harboring terrorists (Monaghan, 2000). The post World War II world raised increasing concerns regarding the communism threat. Those accused of communism and involvement with the

Symptoms causes and possible solutions of Dementia

Symptoms causes and possible solutions of Dementia Introduction (source, NHS) Dementia is a syndrome (a group of related symptoms) that is associated with an ongoing decline  of the brain and its  abilities. These include: thinking, language, memory,  Ã‚   understanding, and judgement. People with dementia may also have problems controlling their emotions or  behaving appropriately in social situations. Aspects of their personality may change. Most cases of dementia are caused by damage to the structure of the brain. How common is dementia? Dementia is a common condition. In  England alone, there are currently 570,000 people living with dementia. That number is expected to double over the next 30 years. Usually dementia occurs in people who are 65  or over. The older you get, the more likely you are to develop it. It is estimated that dementia occurs in: 1.4% of men and 1.5% of women aged between 65 and 69, 3.1% of men and 2.2% of women aged between 70 and 74, 5.6% of men and 7.1% of women aged between 75 and 79, 10.2 % of men and 14.1% of women aged between 80 and 84, and 19.6% of men and 27.5% of women aged 85 or over. Types of dementia Listed below are the different types of dementia. Alzheimers disease, where small clumps of protein, known as plaques, begin to develop around brain cells. This disrupts the normal workings of the brain. Vascular dementia, where problems with blood circulation result in parts of the brain not receiving enough blood and oxygen. Dementia with Lewy bodies, where abnormal structures, known as Lewy bodies, develop inside the brain. Frontotemporal dementia, where the frontal and temporal lobes (two parts of the brain) begin to shrink. Unlike other types of dementia, frontotemporal dementia usually develops in people who are under 65. It is much rarer than other types of dementia. This  section focuses on vascular dementia, dementia with Lewy bodies and frontotemporal dementia. See Useful links for more information about Alzheimers disease. Outlook In clinical terms, the outlook for dementia is not good. In most cases, there is no cure  and symptoms will get worse over time. However, even if a persons dementia cannot be cured, there are a number of effective treatments that can help them to cope better with their symptoms and improve their quality of life. Symtoms Vascular dementia The symptoms of vascular dementia can develop suddenly and quickly  worsen.  Or they can develop gradually over  many months. Symptoms  include: increasing difficulties with tasks and activities that require concentration and planning, memory loss, depression, changes in personality and mood, periods of mental confusion, low attention span, urinary incontinence, stroke-like symptoms, such as muscle weakness or paralysis on one side of the body, wandering during the night, and slow and unsteady gait (the way that you walk). Symptoms of dementia with Lewy bodies The symptoms of dementia with Lewy bodies usually develop gradually  but get  more severe over the course of many years. The symptoms of dementia with Lewy bodies include: memory loss, low attention span, periods of mental confusion, delusions (believing in things that are not true), difficulty planning ahead, muscle stiffness, slower movement, shaking and trembling of arms and legs, shuffling while walking, problems sleeping,   loss of facial expression, and visual hallucinations (seeing things that are not  there). Usually people will see other people or animals that are not real. Symptoms of frontotemporal dementia Frontotemporal dementia is caused by damage to the parts of the brain that help control emotional responses and behaviour. Therefore, many of the initial symptoms of frontotemporal dementia involve changes in emotion, personality and behaviour. Someone with frontotemporal dementia may  become less sensitive to other peoples emotions. This can make them  seem cold and unfeeling. They may also lose some of their inhibitions. This could lead to strange behaviour, such as  making sexually suggestive gestures in a public place, being rude to others or making tactless comments. Other symptoms of frontotemporal dementia include: aggression, compulsive behaviour, being easily distracted, an increasing lack of interest in washing themselves, and personality changes. A  person who was previously withdrawn may become very outgoing, or vice versa. Some people with frontotemporal dementia also  have problems with language. Symptoms affecting language include: speaking far less than usual, or not speaking at all, having problems finding the right words to express themselves, and using many words to describe something simple. For example, saying a metal and wooden tool used for digging instead of a spade Causes of dementia   Vascular dementia Vascular dementia is caused when there is an interruption to the blood supply to the brain. Like all organs, in order to  work properly the brain needs a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients that is provided by the blood. If the supply of blood is restricted or stopped, brain cells begin to die, resulting in brain damage. The blood supply to the brain can become blocked during a stroke where either: a blood clot blocks the supply of blood to the brain, known as an ischaemic stroke, or a blood vessel becomes weakened and then splits. This is known as a haemorrhagic stroke. Sometimes, less severe blockages to the brain do not result in a stroke, but they can damage the brain to a lesser extent. This is known as a silent brain infarction. Not everyone who has had a stroke or a silent brain infarction will go on to  get vascular dementia. But  it always remains a possibility, particularly in people who have multiple strokes or silent brain infarctions. Vascular dementia can also develop if the vessels inside the brain narrow and harden. Narrowing and hardening of the blood vessels is known as arteriosclerosis. Know risk factors for arteriosclerosis include: diabetes, obesity, smoking, drinking  too much  alcohol, lack of exercise, and eating a high-fat diet Dementia with Lewy bodies Lewy bodies are small, circular  lumps of protein that develop inside the brain. It is not known what causes  them. It is also unclear how  they damage the brain and cause dementia. One theory is that they block the effects of two neurotransmitters called dopamine and acetylcholine. Neurotransmitters are messenger chemicals that send information from one brain cell to another. Both dopamine and acetylcholine are thought to play an important role in helping to regulate many important mental functions, such as memory, learning, mood and attention. Therefore, by blocking their effects, Lewy bodies may trigger dementia. Frontotemporal dementia Frontotemporal dementia is caused by two parts of the brain (the temporal lobe and the frontal lobe) becoming increasingly damaged and then shrinking. In an estimated 40 to 50% of cases, people who develop frontotemporal dementia have inherited a genetic mutation (an altered gene) from their parents. These genetic mutations are thought to  have a negative effect on a protein known as the tau protein. All brain cells contain tau proteins. They help to keep the brain cells stable. However, if tau proteins stop working properly, they can damage brain cells. If  no genetic mutation  is found, the causes of frontotemporal dementia  remain unknown. Less common causes of dementia Dementia or dementia-like symptoms can have a number of less common causes, some of which are treatable. These include: repeated  injury to the head, infections of the brain, such as meningitis or encephalitis, Huntingtons disease, a rare genetic condition that causes progressive brain damage, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a rare and fatal condition that causes damage to the brain and nervous system, an overactive or underactive thyroid gland, dehydration, lack of  vitamin B in the diet, poisoning,  for example from lead or pesticides,   having a brain tumour, and certain lung and heart conditions that interrupt the supply of blood and oxygen to the brain. Diagnosing dementia   Confirming a diagnosis of dementia can be difficult, particularly when the condition is in its early stages. This is because many of the symptoms of dementia can be caused by other  conditions. In order  for dementia to be  diagnosed correctly, you should  have a number of different tests and assessments including: A  review of your medical history. A  full assessment of your mental abilities.   A range of  tests,  including blood tests to rule out other possible causes of your symptoms, such as a vitamin B deficiency. Imaging scans, such as a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, which can provide information about the physical state and structure of your brain. A  review of any medication you may be taking, in case these are contributing to your symptoms. Some of these tests can be carried out by your GP. Others will be carried out by other specialists, such as a neurologist (an expert in treating conditions that affect the brain and nervous system) or a psychiatrist with experience in treating dementia. Assessing your mental abilities There are some questionnaires that can be used to help  test your mental abilities and how severe your symptoms are. One widely used questionnaire is the  Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). The MMSE can be used to assess a number of different mental abilities including: short- and long-term memory, attention span, concentration, language and communication skills, ability to plan, and ability to understand instructions. The MMSE is a series of questions, each carrying a score that can give a maximum result of 30 points. Example questions include: memorising a short list of objects and then repeat the list back, writing a short sentence that is grammatically correct, such as the dog sat on the floor, and correctly indentifying the current day of the week, followed by the date, the month, the season and the year. While the MMSE cannot diagnosis dementia by itself, it is  useful for assessing the level of mental impairment that a person with dementia may have. A  score of 25 or above is considered normal. A  score of 18 to 24 indicates mild to moderate impairment. A  score of 17 or below indicates serious impairment. Ruling out other conditions There are  further tests that can be used to rule out other conditions that may be responsible for the patients symptoms. These tests are outlined below. A full blood count A full blood count can be used to assess your general health and check for a range of disorders, including anaemia and infection. A blood sample will usually be taken from a vein in your arm using a needle and syringe. The test will also check for other illnesses. Blood glucose test A blood glucose test can be used to determine whether your blood glucose level is normal, and can also determine whether you have diabetes. A blood sample is taken to rule out whether your symptoms might be caused by undiagnosed diabetes. Urine analysis Urine analysis is used to diagnose diabetes or problems with your kidneys. During the test, you will be asked to pass a small sample of urine into a sterile container. Measurement of thyroid hormones A measurement of your thyroid hormones may be taken in order to screen for thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid) and hyperthyroidism (an overactive thyroid).   Measurement of vitamin B12 levels You may also have a test to check  whether your symptoms are caused by a lack of vitamin B12. However, if  you do  have a B12 deficiency, it is still possible that you may also have dementia. Imaging scans Imaging scans can check if there are any underlying problems with your brain, such as a brain tumour, that could  help explain  your symptoms. Imaging scans can also identify changes in the appearance of the brain that may indicate dementia. Several types of imaging scans can be used in the diagnosis of dementia. These are described below. Magnetic resonance imaging A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan is the best way to rule out other brain problems, and to help diagnose the type of dementia. MRI scans help doctors determine whether: there is any shrinkage to the outer layer of the brain, there is any evidence of changes to the blood vessels, or there are any blood clots that might have resulted in vascular dementia. The test will also show whether other conditions, such as a brain tumour, are causing your symptoms. Computerised topography A computerised topography (CT) scan can be used as an alternative to a MRI scan. A CT scan takes a series of X-ray images of your brain. The images are fed into a computer to build up a detailed  3D image of the inside of your brain. Single photon-emission computed tomography A single photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan may be recommended if doctors are unsure whether you have Alzheimers disease, frontotemporal dementia or vascular dementia. A SPECT scan is similar to a CT scan, but the scanner used for a SPECT scan is able to take moving pictures of the blood flow in your brain. The results show if the blood flow in your brain is abnormal, which can often be used to help diagnose the type of dementia. Treating dementia   Your care plan If you are diagnosed with dementia, your future health and social care needs will be assessed and a care plan will be drawn up. A care plan is a way of ensuring that you receive the right treatment for your needs. Examples of questions that could  come up  while drawing up your care plan are listed below. Do  you have a family member or friend willing to act as a carer? What support do you or your carer need for you  to remain as independent as possible? Are there  any changes that need to be made to your  home to make it easier to live in? Would you benefit from physical and occupational therapy? Do  you need additional treatment and advice to help you cope with symptoms of incontinence? Might you require residential care at some point in the future? It is important to remember that this is your care plan. You should ask as many questions as you want and make sure that your wishes are known. Patient consent and advanced directive Patient consent means that you have to give express permission before any medical treatment can be carried out on you. Consent is needed for all  treatments, whether its a simple blood test or an organ donation. The only  time when treatment can go ahead without your  permission is if you  are unable to  make a decision on your own, and the  doctors responsible for your care believe that treatment is in your best interests. There may be a time in the future when your symptoms mean that you  are no longer able  to give consent. Therefore, you may wish to draw up an advanced directive after first receiving a diagnosis of dementia.   An advanced directive  makes your treatment preferences known now, in case you are not able to do this later. Subjects  covered by  an advanced directive can include: what treatment you would consider having and in what circumstances, what types of treatment you would never wish to have, no matter what the circumstances, what type of end-of-life care you would wish to have, for example, whether you would want to be resuscitated by artificial means, such as having a breathing tube inserted into your neck if you  have lung failure, and whether you would be willing to donate organs after your death. You cannot request anything illegal in your advanced directive, such as assisted suicide. Your care team will be able to provide you with more information and advice about advanced directives. You may wish to appoint a friend or family member to take care of your financial and legal affairs. This is known as granting power of attorney. See  Useful links  for information and advice about granting power of attorney. Psychological treatments There are a number of different psychological treatments that can be used to help you cope  with the symptoms of dementia and slow down the  symptoms. These  are described  below. Cognitive stimulation Cognitive stimulation involves taking part in activities and exercises that are designed to improve your memory, problem-solving skills and language ability. It  is provided by a trained carer, and usually consists of two 45-minute sessions a week. During these, you will be involved in discussions about a variety of topics, as well as taking part in word and memory games, and other activities, such as trying to identify pictures of famous people. Behavioural therapy Behavioural therapy is used to help treat many of the behavioural problems that are associated with dementia, such as depression, aggression and delusional thinking. Behavioural therapy is usually provided by a carer, who can be a trained friend, relative or an employed carer. It is  supervised by  a health professional. Behavioural therapy uses a problem-solving approach where possible motivations and reasons for troublesome behaviour are identified. Different strategies are adopted to try to change that behaviour. For example, a person with dementia may have a history of wandering out of their home or care centre because they feel restless. Therefore, a strategy that involves encouraging them to take part in regular physical exercise may  lessen their restlessness.   Reality orientation therapy Reality orientation therapy is a type of therapy  that reduces  feelings of mental disorientation, memory loss and confusion, while improving feelings of self-esteem. Reality orientation therapy may involve group work in a classroom, in which a board prominently displays information such as: the current day and date, the location of the classroom, and the names of the people in the group. The group members repeat  a series of tasks that are designed to  give mental stimulation. These tasks also  reinforce information regarding the time, the place  and the people involved in the group. Multisensory stimulation Multisensory stimulation is a way of stimulating the brain  using different elements. These include  lighting, relaxing music and sounds, massage cushions, aromatherapy (scents) and different touch sensations. By stimulating different areas of the brain, multisensory stimulation aims to lessen feelings of confusion and restlessness, and  improve mood and language skills. However,  this treatment is not suitable  for everyone with dementia, as some people find the effects of stimulation upsetting and unpleasant. Exercise therapy Exercise therapy consists of either general fitness training or a structured fitness programme. It is designed to improve a persons physical mobility, as well as benefiting mental function and mood. Medicines Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AIs) are widely used to treat Alzheimers disease. They are not usually recommended for other forms of dementia because the evidence for their effectiveness is limited and, in some cases, may make symptoms worse. One exception is for people living with dementia with Lewy bodies that have behavioural problems, such as delusions or hallucinations,  which are causing them significant distress or leading to challenging behaviour. AIs  work by preventing the breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, as low levels of acetylcholine have been linked to behavioural problems. Side effects include: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, muscle cramps, fatigue, loss of appetite, agitation, aggressive behaviour, dizziness and fainting, insomnia, and urinary incontinence. Antipsychotics Antipsychotics are medicines that can be used to treat challenging and disruptive behaviour, such as aggression or agitation. However, antipsychotics are not usually recommended for the treatment of dementia because: they can increase the risk of a person experiencing cardiovascular diseases, such as strokes, and they can make the symptoms of dementia worse. Also, in people who have dementia with Lewy bodies there is evidence that antipsychotics can cause a range of serious side effects, such as: rigidity, immobility, being unable  to perform tasks, being unable  to communicate and,  possibly, sudden death. Antipsychotics are usually only used in cases where there are severe symptoms of challenging and disruptive behaviour that is judged to place you and/or others at risk of harm. They are only used if there is a full discussion between yourself and/or your carer and your care team about the benefits and risks of treatment. Antipsychotics will be prescribed at the lowest dose  possible, and for as short a time as possible. Your health will also need to be carefully monitored  if you are taking antipsychotics. Side effects of antipsychotics can include: drowsiness, shaking, trembling, muscle twitches, spasms, weight gain, blurred vision, constipation, lack of sex drive, and a dry mouth. Preventing Dementia Preventing vascular dementia While it is not possible to prevent all cases of dementia, there are some measures that  can help  prevent vascular dementia, as well as cardiovascular diseases, such as strokes and heart attacks.  As experts in treating dementia often say, What is good for your heart is also good for your head. The best ways to prevent vascular dementia are: Eat a healthy diet. Maintain a healthy weight. Get sufficient and regular exercise.   Drink alcohol in moderation. Dont smoke. Diet To help prevent dementia, a low-fat and  high-fibre diet is recommended. This includes plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables (five portions a day) and wholegrains. Limit the amount of salt that you eat to no more than  six grams  a day. Too much salt will increase your blood pressure, which puts you at risk of vascular dementia. One teaspoonful of salt is about six grams. Avoid eating foods that are high in saturated fat because this will increase your cholesterol level, which also puts you at risk of vascular dementia. Foods high in saturated fat include: meat pies, sausages and fatty cuts of meat, butter, ghee (clarified butter, often used in Indian cooking), lard, cream, hard cheese, cakes and biscuits, and foods that contain coconut or palm oil. Eating some foods that are high in unsaturated fat can decrease your cholesterol level. Foods high in unsaturated fat include: oily fish, avocados, nuts and seeds, and sunflower, rapeseed and olive oils. Weight Being overweight can increase your blood pressure, which increases the risk of vascular dementia. This  risk is higher if you are obese. The most scientific way to measure your weight is to calculate your Body Mass Index (BMI). This is your weight in kilograms divided by your height in metres, squared. In the UK, people with a BMI of between 25 and 30 are overweight, and those with an index above 30 are  obese. People with a BMI of 40 or more are morbidly obese. The best way of tackling obesity is to reduce the amount of calories that you eat, and ensure that you take regular and sufficient exercise. Your GP  can  give you further information and advice about how you can do this. http://www.nhs.uk/Tools/PublishingImages/bmi_tease.gif Exercise Regular exercise will make your heart and blood circulatory system more efficient. It will also  lower your cholesterol level and  keep your blood pressure at a healthy level, all of which will lower your risk of developing vascular dementia. For most people, 30 minutes of vigorous exercise a day, at least five times a week, is recommended. The exercise should be strenuous enough to  make your heart beat faster, and you should feel slightly out of breath afterwards. Examples of vigorous exercise include going for a brisk walk or walking up a hill. Alcohol Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol will cause a rise in your blood pressure, and raise the cholesterol level in your blood. Sticking to the recommended limits for alcohol consumption is the best way to ensure that you reduce the risk of high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and vascular dementia. The recommended daily levels of alcohol consumption are  three to four  units of alcohol for men, and  two to three  units for women. A unit of alcohol is equal to about half a pint of normal strength lager, a small glass of wine or a pub measure (25ml) of spirits. http://www.nhs.uk/Tools/PublishingImages/do_you_drink_tease.gif Smoking Smoking can cause your arteries to narrow, which can lead to a rise in your blood pressure. It is also a major risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases, cancer and vascular dementia. The NHS Smoking Helpline offers advice and encouragement to help  you stop smoking. You can call on 0800 022 4332 or visit the NHS Go Smokefree website (see Useful links). Your GP or pharmacist will also be able to give you help and advice about giving up smoking. Preventing other types of dementia There is some evidence that rates of dementia are lower in people who remain as mentally and physically active as possible throughout their lives, and have a wide range of different activities and hobbies. Some activities that may reduce the risk of developing dementia include: reading, writing for pleasure, learning foreign languages, playing musical instruments, taking part in adult education courses, playing tennis, playing golf, swimming, group sports, such as bowling, and walking. There is no evidence that playing brain training computer games reduces the risk of dementia. Dementia (souce,Bupa) reventing vascular dementia While it is not possible to prevent all cases of dementia, there are some measures that  can help  prevent vascular dementia, as well as cardiovascular diseases, such as strokes and heart attacks.  As experts in treating dementia often say, What is good for your heart is also good for your head. The best ways to prevent vascular dementia are: Eat a healthy diet. Maintain a healthy weight. Get sufficient and regular exercise.   Drink alcohol in moderation. Dont smoke. Diet To help prevent dementia, a low-fat and  high-fibre diet is recommended. This includes plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables (five portions a day) and wholegrains. Limit the amount of salt that you eat to no more than  six grams  a day. Too much salt will increase your blood pressure, which puts you at risk of vascular dementia. One teaspoonful of salt is about six grams. Avoid eating foods that are high in saturated fat because this will increase your cholesterol level, which also puts you at risk of vascular dementia. Foods high in saturated fat include: meat pies, sausages and fatty cuts of meat, butter, ghee (clarified butter, often used in Indian cooking), lard, cream, hard cheese, cakes and biscuits, and foods that contain coconut or palm oil. Eating some foods that are high in unsaturated fat can decrease your cholesterol level. Foods high in unsaturated fat include: oily fish, avocados, nuts and seeds, and sunflower, rapeseed and olive oils. Weight Being overweight can increase your blood pressure, which increases the risk of vascular dementia. This  risk is higher if you are obese. The most scientific way to measure your weight is to calculate your Body Mass Index (BMI). This is your weight in kilograms divided by your height in metres, squared. In the UK, people with a BMI of between 25 and 30 are overweight, and those with an index above 30 are  obese. People with a BMI of 40 or more are morbidly obese. The best way of tackling obesity is to reduce the amount of calories that you eat, and ensure that you take regular and sufficient exercise. Your GP  can  give you further information and advice about how you can do this. http://www.nhs.uk/Tools/PublishingImages/bmi_tease.gif Exercise Regular exercise will make your heart and blood circulatory system more efficient. It will also  lower your cholesterol level and  keep your blood pressure at a healthy level, all of which will lower your risk of developing vascular dementia. For most people, 30 minutes of vigorous exercise a day, at least five times a week, is recommended. The exercise should be strenuous enough to  make your heart beat faster, and you should feel slightly out of breath afterwards. Examples of vigorous exercise include going for a brisk walk or walking up a hill. Alcohol Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol will cause a rise in your blood pressure, and raise the cholesterol level in your blood. Sticking to the recommended limits for alcohol consumption is the best way to ensure that you reduce the risk of high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and vascular dementia. The recommended daily levels of alcohol consumption are  three to four  units of alcohol for men, and  two to three  units for women. A unit of alcohol is equal to about half a pint of normal strength lager, a small glass of wine or a pub measure (25ml) of spirits. http://www.nhs.uk/Tools/PublishingImages/do_you_drink_tease.gif

Rock and Roll Essay -- Music, Elvis Presley

What comes to mind when you think about Rock and Roll? Is it the pulsating rhythms, and upbeat tempo that seemingly sooth the mind? What many don’t realize is this phenomenon was started by a single man that combined various elements he loved. This man, Elvis Presley, not only created Rock and Roll but a new era of attitude and personality which people perceived as they watched him perform. Elvis Aaron Presley, one of the most popular American singers of the 20th century, started a new clothing style for his generation, influenced a new era of dance, and most notably introduced Rock and Roll to the world. Elvis Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi into a loving but poor family (Tracy 1). From the young age of 7, Elvis showed a passion for music. He was introduced to music in the family’s Assembly of God church where the southern gospel music became an important influence on his success. When Elvis’ mother Gladys acquired enough money, she bought him his first guitar, he then taught himself to play and in October 1945, he had his first taste of success in music by placing in the town fair talent contest (â€Å"Famous Quotes†. After graduating high school in 1953, he worked various jobs while still pursuing his musical career. Later in 1953, he walked into Sun Studios where he paid four dollars to record his first record. Upon hearing Elvis’ recording, Sam Philips decided to take him under his wing and then became his record label owner (â€Å"Elvis Presley†). In 1954, he produced his first single â€Å"That’s all Right.† From then unt il his death he became the biggest phenomenon ever in the world of entertainment (Morrison 1). From the start of Elvis’ career, he was in the center of the spotlight but before his career even started his appe... ...ers of his time. Elvis is known as the leading artist in R & B, gospel, and American country (â€Å"Elvis Presley†). He has sold over a billion records, more than any other artist known to man. He was one of the first performers ever inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1986 (Brewster 1). Elvis loved performing live concerts â€Å"A live concert to me is exciting because of all the electricity that is generated in the crowd and onstage,† it’s his favorite part of his business (â€Å"Famous Quotes† 1). Even today he still remains a legendary music icon for popularizing and creating the start of Rock and Roll (Brewster 1). It is impossible to think of a Rock and Roll star who doesn’t owe a debt to Elvis Presley (Ebsco). Today he is still known as the starter of Rock and Roll, and is the most successful recording artist in terms of hit songs and hit albums still today.

Republic Day Speech

Respected Correspondent, Principal, teachers, parents, and dear brothers and sisters of my country, I would like to wish you all Happy Republic Day 2014. It has been my Privilege that I got an opportunity to speak in front of you all on this occasion. It has been 64 years from the day our constitution came into effect. In these 64 years our country has gone through a long journey of changes. I am going through some light on the history of our country. Before 1600 AD we were living a peaceful life, although there were some disputes between some states but it was not bothering normal citizens at all. But when in 1600, East India company came into India, things started changing. Slowly they started taking their grips to the steering of our country and till 1800 we were completely in control of British Government. In 1857 some real patriots stood up for the country and started a revolution against the British Raj. After a very long time and different-different revolution at several place s, finally we became free on 15th August, 1947. Then some rules and regulations were required to drive the country. So a committee was organized, which was given the work of writing the constitution for India.After the constitution was ready it came into effect from 26th January 1950, since then every year we remind that auspicious day and celebrate it as our Republic day. This day is called, because India became a republic country from this day. When we became republic country, things started changing. The command of country was in the people of the country. Elections were started and people selected their representatives. For sure we have done a lot of improvements after becoming republic but many problems like corruption and unemployment has grown up rapidly. So we need to find the solution for these problems, only then our country can become the best place on earth to live.Jai Hind, Jai Bharat!!

Interview with Rushang Shah, Founder of Gramlee

Interview with Rushang Shah, Founder of Gramlee Interview with Rushang Shah, Founder of Gramlee Interview with Rushang Shah, Founder of Gramlee By Daniel Scocco If you have not noticed yet, Gramlee is one of the newest sponsors of Daily Writing Tips. When they contacted me a while ago I was glad to accept them aboard, mainly because I think that they provide a useful service for both individuals and companies that want to make sure their text pieces are grammatically sound and clearly written. A while ago I was exchanging some emails with Rushang, the founder of the service, and we thought about running an interview to explain what they do, and to talk about general writing tips. He agreed to, and below you will find it. 1. What is Gramlee, and why should people use it? Gramlee is a web-based editing and grammar check service that everyone can use. It’s like having a personal copy editor who can magically make your writing technically accurate and professional. Anyone with an Internet connection can tap into the expertise offered by professional editors. Our editors revise documents to better match the specific prose, style, and flow that the writer is trying to portray. We check for grammar, spelling, punctuation, structure, brevity, and overall readability and professionalism. 2. Can you give us examples of who uses Gramlee and how they’ve benefited from the service? Bloggers are avid Gramlee users.   Many people have amazing ideas that they want spread through their blogs, but they fear that their writing skills aren’t professional enough to show to the world.   Small business owners also rely on Gramlee. They use it to edit everything from marketing, sales, and business documents to internal emails and memos. Job hunters who want to get an edge over other applicants use Gramlee to guarantee their cover letters and resumes are grammatically sound and professional. Having a professional and accurate resume is critical in today’s economic environment where each job can have an overwhelming number of applicants. We also have many users from non-English-speaking countries. They depend on Gramlee to make their writing professional so their businesses can compete. These are just a few of the people who use Gramlee. Short stories, business plans, manuscripts, presentations – we edit them all. Our motto is: if it’s written, we can edit it. 3. Can you share some of the interesting (or funny) Gramlee pieces you’ve received from customers? What types of things do you typically see? Since people use Gramlee for both personal and business writing, we get pieces that span the entire spectrum from serious to outright hilarious. In fact, we just launched a Twitter feed about some of the more interesting topics we get: twitter.com/gramlee One of the most inspiring Gramlees I’ve read was a letter written by a girl to her boyfriend. She was breaking up their relationship because she felt her boyfriend didn’t understand or value the meaning of love. In her letter, she explained what love meant to her and the value it carries in the scheme of life. The letter was so heartfelt and honest that we asked the customer if we could share it with fellow editors as inspiration. Recently, we received a Gramlee where a student was writing a college application letter for medical school. The student was raised in a rural area in a foreign country. He explained how his family found an abandoned baby in a wooden box floating in the river. His family adopted the baby. The student explained how this experience marked the beginning of his passion of attending to the needs of others. 4. Can you give our readers a Top 5 list of the most common grammatical and writing errors that you’ve seen? 1. Punctuation is one of the most misunderstood elements of writing. You’d be surprised how many people are completely in the dark about when to use commas and where to place them. 2. Apostrophes. (It’s vs. its; they’re vs. their vs. there) 3. i.e. in place of e.g. (The abbreviation â€Å"i.e.† officially means â€Å"that is.† The abbreviation â€Å"e.g.† means â€Å"for example.†) 4. Of in place of have. (â€Å"Could of† should be written as â€Å"could have†) 5. Tense confusion. People inadvertently switch from present tense to past tense throughout their writing. Keeping things consistent seems to be a challenge for many. 5. Why do computers fail miserably at proofreading and copy editing? Computers lack the â€Å"human element.† The human element to the editing process involves understanding who the audience is, what tone or purpose the writing serves, and how to best frame and structure the writing. A software-based editing solution just can’t provide this. For example: 1. He come form the kitchen. 2. He came from the kitchen. Try typing Sentence 1 into Microsoft Word and run the spell / grammar check. It fails to find the mistakes. A real editor, however, will instantly catch this error. Now, let’s say you’re writing a horror story. Let’s take the same example and see how a real editor would edit your writing. Original: He came from the kitchen. Revised: He entered quietly through the kitchen. The revised sentence establishes a more descriptive visual for the audience based on the context of the document – in this case, a fictional horror story. 6. How has the conversational style of writing that takes place in social media environments like Twitter and Facebook impacted the overall quality of writing? People rely more on abbreviations and shorthand instead of professional prose. This isn’t really anyone’s fault; today’s digital medium is built around quick and seamless exchange. My only concern is that people are becoming illiterate in the art of writing. Acronyms and emoticons can never replace the impact a well crafted message leaves. 7. What’s the single most important writing tip that you can give people? Two tips: proofread using drafts, and space out the time between your drafts. Never produce just one draft that you submit as a final version. Even the best writers make mistakes. This is because our minds are not really wired to multi-task. We can only accurately do one thing at a time. The first draft of any piece of writing involves getting thoughts and ideas on paper, not ensuring that grammar rules are followed or the writing is completely professional. Make sure to take a break between each draft you work on. The time away from the document will help your mind â€Å"purge and reset.† Once you have a clear mind, you’ll be able to approach your content with an entirely new perspective. You will also find mistakes that you previously overlooked, or come up with better ways to write something. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Capitalize Animal and Plant Names15 Types of DocumentsHow Long Should a Synopsis Be?

Free Essays on Iberian Voyage

The voyages of Magellan and other Iberians in the 15th and 16th centuries were a major turning point in history. The voyages led to changes in economy, politics, and technology, and developed interaction between different people. After their discoveries, the way people viewed the world dramatically changed. The expeditions had an incredible global impact. The voyages of the Iberians had tremendous economic and political impacts. Those who ruled the Mediterranean no longer held the power; rather, it was those who held the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. The voyages of Vasco da Gama and Bartholomeu Dias opened Indian Ocean trade. New trade routes were created, and the gold and slave trades began to boom. A global economy was beginning to shape. Spain and Portugal emerged as two major powers; dividing the newly discovered areas of the world between them in the Treaty of Tordesillas. Imperialism became a major part of politics. People used any excuse they could to conquer the new lands, in search for riches. The Iberian voyages led to great technological advancements. The field of navigation was greatly affected by this â€Å"Age of Exploration.† Instruments such as the astrolabe, magnetic compass, and the cross-staff were improved. Portugal’s Prince Henry the Navigator set up a navigational institution at Sagres. Portuguese mariners developed the caravel around this time. The caravel was a small, strong, maneuverable ship designed for ocean voyages. It’s small size also allowed for movement in shallow coastal waters and upriver. Also during this time, Prince Henry’s explorers discovered that they could return to Portugal faster by using the westerly winds. Another result of the Iberian voyages was the interaction of new peoples. New contacts all over the globe came to be. Both Spain and Portugal tried to influence these people with Christianity. Portuguese trading forts on the shores of Africa and Asia developed from Portugal expl... Free Essays on Iberian Voyage Free Essays on Iberian Voyage The voyages of Magellan and other Iberians in the 15th and 16th centuries were a major turning point in history. The voyages led to changes in economy, politics, and technology, and developed interaction between different people. After their discoveries, the way people viewed the world dramatically changed. The expeditions had an incredible global impact. The voyages of the Iberians had tremendous economic and political impacts. Those who ruled the Mediterranean no longer held the power; rather, it was those who held the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. The voyages of Vasco da Gama and Bartholomeu Dias opened Indian Ocean trade. New trade routes were created, and the gold and slave trades began to boom. A global economy was beginning to shape. Spain and Portugal emerged as two major powers; dividing the newly discovered areas of the world between them in the Treaty of Tordesillas. Imperialism became a major part of politics. People used any excuse they could to conquer the new lands, in search for riches. The Iberian voyages led to great technological advancements. The field of navigation was greatly affected by this â€Å"Age of Exploration.† Instruments such as the astrolabe, magnetic compass, and the cross-staff were improved. Portugal’s Prince Henry the Navigator set up a navigational institution at Sagres. Portuguese mariners developed the caravel around this time. The caravel was a small, strong, maneuverable ship designed for ocean voyages. It’s small size also allowed for movement in shallow coastal waters and upriver. Also during this time, Prince Henry’s explorers discovered that they could return to Portugal faster by using the westerly winds. Another result of the Iberian voyages was the interaction of new peoples. New contacts all over the globe came to be. Both Spain and Portugal tried to influence these people with Christianity. Portuguese trading forts on the shores of Africa and Asia developed from Portugal expl...

COMS 445 Portfolio Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

COMS 445 Portfolio Paper - Essay Example The theme song and opening sequence set the sequel of the show. Why was the show viewed negatively? In this paper I will recommend that The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air, the African American sitcom broadcast in the 1990s, might be recognized a vehicle through which the accepted representation of dark characters in the last part of the twentieth century has been undermined, addressing the old stereotypes about African Americans, consistent with which a character must be poor, ghettoized or a criminal. One of the points of this paper is to highlight and to analyze why the show was seen contrarily in connection to the everlasting social crash between blacks and whites and, most importantly, as Brooks and Marsh uphold, "the troubles confronted by blacks in a white social order" (Brooks & Mash, p368). Moreover, having investigated the first season of the arrangement, I will offer a few perceptions identified with the part of the primary character, featured by the performer Will Smith, and his connection with alternate parts of the family, highlighting that the hero's assignment to think about his relatives' societal position and conduct as absence of Blackness is a methodology that permits the other dark characters to subvert the universal picture of African Americans offered by American broad communications everywhere throughout the planet. The point of this approach could be recognized an approach to decipher the new dark socio-social environment of the most recent decades of the previous century in the USA, permitting viewers of the nations where the sitcom was publicized to meet and comprehend key parts of the American dark group of that period (Brooks & Mash, p367). Judging by a confounding African American circumstance parody by Means Coleman for its unique approach to delineate additionally undermine conventional pictures of dark stereotypes, The Fresh sovereign of Bel-Air is frequently looked into (Coleman, p144). It is conceivable to look after that all around t he entire first season, that incorporates 24 scenes, two propensities are unmistakable: the first is undoubtedly the representation of the everlasting crash between the primary character of the story and his relatives, addressing the accepted part of dark characters in the handling on TV in the twentieth century, and the second one is identified with the challenges of living in a white rich neighborhood being part of the Black group. These two focal issues are addressed and confronted through two coordinating techniques. The clearer of the two is portrayed by the incessant verbal battles between the principle characters, and the other one uses amusing and evidently say-nothing circumstances to highlight the issues this rich dark family needs to face as a result of a white-focused social order (Coleman, p168). How does Zook re-interpret the show? How does Zook re-translate the Fresh Prince of Bel-Air? According to zook, when Fox's urban system was started in 1986, the system tight th rew or focused on a particular back viewership and counter-customizing against different shows to suite that group of onlookers' taste (Zook, p90). As per Zook, a normal for dark Tv is socially particular feel. While rap music and graffiti-like representation were regular on white shows of this period also, Afrocentric Clothing, haircuts, and antiquities performed particular capacities in dark shows, for example the new ruler of bel-air with continuous references to Malcom X,

The British Monarchy is a dignified part of the Constitution. Why Essay

The British Monarchy is a dignified part of the Constitution. Why - Essay Example â€Å"In the plight of this, several scandals have been unearthed eliciting interest among the media and thus an increased call for Republicans making the future of monarchy in question† (Blain & O'Donnell, 2003). In order to get an insight into the present and the future view of the British monarch, it is important to involve the composition of the entire British government that is the monarch, the House of Lords and the House of Commons in the discussion. Finally, the paper will discuss the British monarchy under the historical-constitutional context, political context and the cultural aspects with a view of establishing its constitutional validity in the UK. â€Å"During the 17th century, British monarchs were empowered to make and pass laws governing land† (Cannon, & Griffiths, 2000). The monarch was therefore an executive one. It is however worth noting that from the beginning of the 18th century, due to their impartiality, the monarch served as a constitutional mo narch. Rules and conventions were drafted that would bind them from making impartial judgements. In addition to this, the monarch’s constitution power was limited during the reign of Queen Victoria. â€Å"The main role of the monarch was mainly that of advisory to the ministers† (Cannon, & Griffiths, 2000). ... As the head of state of the commonwealth nations, the monarch has powers to confer titles, braveries and honours to persons who qualify. It is important to note that the monarch plays a key role in constituent organizations such as the Armed Forces and the Church of England. â€Å"In the armed forces, the monarch acts as the commander and as such, soldiers during their swearing in to work swear allegiance to the crown but not to the state† (Cannon & Griffiths, 2000). In the Church of England, the monarch plays the role of a governor. In addition to the constitutional roles of the monarch, there are non-constitutional roles that the monarch plays. â€Å"The queen for instance acts as a symbol of national unity where she is expected to preside over important state ceremonies as well as representing Britain in international arenas† (Cannon & Griffiths, 2000). Much of the queen’s work lies on that of representing the state within and outside the UK. This alone raises the profile of the nation raising the interest of both foreign and local tourists. A vital role of the monarch that is imperceptible and unconstitutional is acting as a symbolic head of the British Nation. This role represents the intangible part of the British constitution. It is therefore exciting and preserves the admiration of a large population worldwide. â€Å"The monarchy can be described as a dignified part of the British constitution† (Loughlin, 2007). The role of the monarch as enshrined in the British constitution can be examined by looking at various theories of the British state. First, the monarch presents a modern pluralist interaction in governance. â€Å"The ancient angle through which the monarch was first viewed has proved